Ch. 4 Mastering Bio
________ cells lack a membrane-enclosed nucleus
Prokaryotic
Statements about the Golgi Apparatus
- The Golgi apparatus modifies chemicals received from the endoplasmic reticulum. - The Golgi apparatus serves as a molecular warehouse and finishing factory. - The Golgi apparatus works closely with the endoplasmic reticulum.
Statements about the plant cell central vacuole
- The central vacuole of a plant cell may store poisons. - The central vacuole of a plant cell may help increase the size of cells by absorbing water. - The central vacuole of a plant cell may store waste products.
Statements about cytoskeleton
- The cytoskeleton is composed of three types of fibers: microfilaments, microtubules, and intermediate filaments. - The cytoskeleton plays an important role in amoeboid motion. - The cytoskeleton helps to support cells.
Statement about plant cell walls
- Wood is primarily composed of plant cell walls. - Plant cell walls are multilayered structures. - Plant cell walls consist of cellulose fibers embedded in a matrix of polysaccharides and proteins.
Mitochondria are found in _____.
Both plant cells and animal cells
What name is given to the rigid structure, found outside the plasma membrane, that surrounds and supports the bacterial cell?
Cell Wall
Cilia differ from flagella in that
Cilia are typically more numerous and shorter than flagella.
Which of the following statements about electron microscopes is true?
Electron microscopes focus electron beams to create a magnified image of an object.
Which of these are hollow rods that shape and support the cell?
Microtubules
Where is a bacterial cell's DNA found?
Nucleoid region
Ribosomal subunits are manufactured by the _____.
Nucleolus
Most of the DNA in a eukaryotic cell is in the _____.
Nucleus
The function of chloroplasts is
Photosynthesis
The _____ is the bacterial structure that acts as a selective barrier, allowing nutrients to enter the cell and wastes to leave the cell.
Plasma Membrane
Which location in the cell is unlikely to contain ribosomes or ribosomal subunits?
Plasma Membrane
The _____ is a selective barrier, regulating the passage of material into and out of the cell.
Plasma membrane
What is the function of a bacterium's capsule?
Protection
In a bacterium, where are proteins synthesized?
Ribosomes
_____ are the sites of protein synthesis.
Ribosomes
What is the relationship between the Golgi apparatus and the plasma membrane?
The finished products of the Golgi apparatus may leave the cell through vesicles that fuse with the plasma membrane.
The function of the nucleolus is
To manufacture ribosomal RNA
A scanning electron microscope is used to study ________, whereas a transmission electron microscope is used to study ________.
cell surfaces; internal cell structures
The function of mitochondria is
cellular respiration
Which of the following are stored in the lysosomes of the cell?
digestive enzymes
Mitochondria and chloroplasts are similar in that they both __________; however, they are different in that only chloroplasts, and not mitochondria, __________.
have a double membrane ... carry out photosynthesis
The maximum size of a cell is limited by _____.
its need for enough surface area to make exchanges with its environment
The main function of the rough endoplasmic reticulum is the production of
membrane and proteins secreted by the cell.
Which of these organelles carries out cellular respiration?
mitochondrion
Which of these organelles produces H2O2 as a by-product?
peroxisome
Which of the following cell structures are associated with the breakdown of harmful substances?
peroxisomes
Which of these manufactures cellular membranes by adding membrane proteins and phospholipids to its own membrane?
rough ER
Where is calcium stored?
smooth ER
Smooth endoplasmic reticulum
stores calcium ions in muscle cells.
Which of the following clues would tell you whether a cell is prokaryotic or eukaryotic?
whether or not the cell is partitioned into compartments by internal membranes