CH 4 Quiz

People often report that they have not been asleep if they are awoken during stage ________ sleep.

1

Obstructive sleep apnea occurs when ________.

An individual's airway becomes blocked during sleep.

What occurs during stage 1 sleep?

Both our respiration and heartbeat slow down.

Mohammed is sleeping. His eyelids are quivering because his eyes are darting around. Mohammed is probably experiencing ________ sleep.

REM

Which theorist described dreams as having manifest and latent content?

Sigmund Freud

Which of the following statements about sleep deprivation is false?

Sleep deprivation often results in ADHD.

Why can amphetamines be used to treat ADHD in children?

They increase neurotransmitter activity within certain areas of the brain associated with impulse control.

Physical dependence on a drug is indicated by the user experiencing ________ as a result of discontinuing use of the drug.

changes in normal bodily function

Ali is aware of his feelings, emotions, and thoughts. He is also aware of his surroundings, the warmth of the sun, and the sound of nearby traffic. Ali is in a state of ________.

consciousness

Alcohol is considered a ________ because it tends to suppress central nervous system activity.

depressant

The hidden meaning of a dream is called the ________ content.

latent

NREM sleep is a period of sleep ________.

outside periods of REM sleep

________ is one of a group of sleep disorders in which unwanted, disruptive motor activity and/or experiences during sleep play a role.

parasomnia

________ involves a virtual reality model of the world.

protoconsciousness

Uncomfortable sensations in the leg during periods of inactivity are a symptom of ________ leg syndrome.

restless

Shoresh suggests that Ted cluck like a chicken during the hypnosis not because he is experiencing an altered state of consciousness but because he is playing the role of a hypnotized person. This is a good example of the ________ theory of hypnotism.

social-cognitive

Victoria has accumulated a large sleep debt. This means that she ________.

suffers from chronic sleep deprivation

While the American Heart Association (AHA) suggests that meditation might be used in conjunction with more traditional treatments as a way to manage hypertension, ________.

there is not adequate empirical support for its effectiveness

What should be changed to make the following sentence true? "A theta wave is a very high amplitude pattern of brain activity that may in some cases occur in response to environmental stimuli."

The words "theta wave" should be changed to the phrase "K-complex."

Shyla experiences a long delay between the time that she goes to bed and the time that she actually falls asleep. In addition, she wakes up several times during the night and has difficulty getting back to sleep. To diagnose Shyla with insomnia, it is necessary that she experiences these symptoms________.

at least three nights a week for one month

Which psychological perspective might advance the argument that our sleep patterns evolved as an adaptive response to predatory risks, which are higher during periods of darkness?

evolutionary

How many of the five stages of sleep are considered NREM sleep?

four

Mona lives in North Carolina. She takes an overnight flight to California to visit with family for a month; when she arrives she is fatigued, sluggish, and irritable. For the next week or so she has trouble sleeping. Mona is probably suffering from ________.

jet lag

Marlowe wakes up from a dream about his teeth falling out. He looks in a dream dictionary and finds losing teeth is usually dream symbolism for anxiety. Marlowe is focused on the ________ content.

latent

Tariq depends on cigarettes to relieve his stress, though he smokes so infrequently that he experiences no significant, noticeable physical symptoms when he is not smoking. What does this exemplify?

psychological dependence

What can you do to realign your biological clock with the external world when you work a rotating shift?

Expose yourself to bright light while working.

Which theorist suggested that dreaming may represent a state of protoconsciousness?

John Hobson

A theta wave is a type of ________.

low frequency, low amplitude brain wave

Nancy is aware that she is dreaming when she has a nightmare, so she concentrates and changes her dream from bad to good. This is a good example of ________ dreaming.

lucid

Isla is describing her dream to a friend. She explains that in her dream she being chased by zombies and she escaped them by hiding in a refrigerator. Her description of her dream is focused on ________ content.

manifest