Ch. 44, 46-48, & 50-53 Lecture Slide Questions

A female patient who is diabetic sustained an ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI). The nurse provides discharge teaching. Which statement, made by the patient, indicates that further teaching is required? A. "Medications are needed to prevent heart failure." B. "I will take aspirin, atenolol, and captopril indefinitely." C. "My blood pressure should be less than 130/80 mm Hg." D. "Daily estrogen will prevent another heart attack."

"Daily estrogen will prevent another heart attack."

A patient with angina pectoris is prescribed sublingual nitroglycerin. Which statement made by the patient indicates understanding of the medication teaching? A. "I may experience a headache as a side effect." B. "The chest pain should be relieved within 20 minutes." C. "I should swallow the tablet and drink a glass of water." D. "I should take this medication in the morning before breakfast."

"I may experience a headache as a side effect."

A nurse instructs a patient about signs and symptoms of digoxin toxicity. The nurse determines that teaching is successful if the patient makes which statement? A. "If my heart is racing, the dose may be too high." B. "I should report any muscle weakness or nausea." C. "My doctor should be notified if diarrhea occurs." D. "The dose will be reduced if I develop memory loss."

"I should report any muscle weakness or nausea."

The nurse teaches a patient about benazepril [Lotensin]. Which statement by the patient requires an intervention by the nurse? A. "I use NoSalt instead of salt to season foods." B. "I eat sweet potatoes once or twice a week." C. "I drink 4 ounces of prune juice each morning." D. "I like asparagus because it's high in vitamin K."

"I use NoSalt instead of salt to season foods."

The nurse teaches a patient diagnosed with chronic stable angina about the mechanism of action of nitroglycerin. The nurse should include which instruction? A. "Nitroglycerin reduces vasospasms of the heart's arteries, which improves blood supply." B. "Nitroglycerin opens the arteries to allow more oxygen to be delivered to the heart muscle." C. "Nitroglycerin dilates veins, which decreases the amount of oxygen needed by the heart." D. "Nitroglycerin improves blood flow to the heart muscle by increasing blood pressure."

"Nitroglycerin dilates veins, which decreases the amount of oxygen needed by the heart."

A patient is prescribed a nitroglycerin transdermal patch. The nurse should include which statement when teaching the patient how to use this medication? A. "Apply the patch to the chest over the heart." B. "Change the patch each week." C. "Remove the patch at bedtime." D. "Put on the patch before exercising."

"Remove the patch at bedtime."

A patient is prescribed sustained-release oral nitroglycerin capsules for chronic stable angina. The nurse should include which instruction? A. "Avoid exercising to help prevent chest pain." B. "Place the capsule under the tongue if chest pain occurs." C. "Take the capsule as needed before exercise or exertion." D. "Sit or lie down if dizziness or lightheadedness occurs."

"Sit or lie down if dizziness or lightheadedness occurs."

Which patient is the most appropriate candidate for both lifestyle changes and drug therapy with an antihypertensive medication? A. A 47-year-old patient with blood pressure of 110/78 mm Hg and with type 2 diabetes mellitus B. A 76-year-old patient with blood pressure of 128/88 mm Hg and a history of dyslipidemia C. A 52-year-old patient with blood pressure of 136/89 mm Hg who smokes 1 pack of cigarettes per day D. A 32-year-old patient with blood pressure of 142/94 mm Hg who is sedentary

A 32-year-old patient with blood pressure of 142/94 mm Hg who is sedentary

Which patient would most likely be prescribed sodium nitroprusside [Nitropress]? A. A patient with a recent diagnosis of essential hypertension B. A patient with heart failure who receives weekly home visits C. A patient who is hypotensive after a myocardial infarction D. A patient with a hypertensive crisis in the intensive care unit

A patient with a hypertensive crisis in the intensive care unit

A patient diagnosed with ST-elevation myocardial infarction has been scheduled for an angioplasty. Which medication does the nurse anticipate administering before this procedure? A. Dobutamine [Dobutrex] B. Abciximab [ReoPro] C. Alteplase [Activase] D. Warfarin [Coumadin]

Abciximab [ReoPro]

A patient is receiving an intravenous infusion of heparin to treat a pulmonary embolism. What laboratory value will the nurse monitor to evaluate treatment with this medication? A. Activated partial thromboplastin time (aPTT) B. Prothrombin time (PT) C. Platelet count D. Hemoglobin and hematocrit

Activated partial thromboplastin time (aPTT)

A patient who is taking spironolactone [Aldactone] is prescribed losartan [Cozaar]. The nurse should take which action? A. Assess for symptoms of hyperkalemia. B. Observe for a hypertensive crisis. C. Administer the medications as scheduled. D. Evaluate for first-dose hypotension.

Administer the medications as scheduled.

During administration of alteplase [Activase], the patient's IV site starts to ooze blood around the catheter. Which action by the nurse is most appropriate? A. Discontinue the infusion of alteplase. B. Assess the patient's vital signs. C. Apply direct pressure over the puncture site. D. Administer aminocaproic acid [Amicar].

Apply direct pressure over the puncture site.

A patient has been diagnosed with a STEMI. Which medications does the nurse expect to be prescribed for this patient? A. Beta blocker, angiotensin II receptor blocker, and oxygen B. Aspirin, angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor, and diuretics C. Aspirin, beta blocker, oxygen, morphine, and nitroglycerin D. Heparin, nitroprusside, morphine, and calcium channel blocker

Aspirin, beta blocker, oxygen, morphine, and nitroglycerin

A patient has hypertension, type 2 diabetes, and chronic kidney disease. Which blood pressure goal would be most beneficial for this patient? A. Blood pressure less than 140/90 mm Hg B. Diastolic blood pressure less than 100 mm Hg C. Blood pressure less than 130/80 mm Hg D. Systolic blood pressure less than 160 mm Hg

Blood pressure less than 130/80 mm Hg

A patient diagnosed with heart failure has stage 1 hypertension. Which medication, if ordered by the healthcare provider, should the nurse question? A. Angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor B. Calcium channel blocker C. Thiazide diuretic D. Beta blocker

Calcium channel blocker

Cholestyramine has been prescribed for a patient. Which instruction should the nurse include in patient teaching? A. Cholestyramine can impair absorption of fat-soluble vitamins. B. Stop taking the drug if you develop constipation. C. Take cholestyramine with other drugs you are prescribed to enhance absorption. D. Do not take the medication if the formula is cloudy after mixing with water.

Cholestyramine can impair absorption of fat-soluble vitamins.

A patient with stage 2 hypertension has been prescribed a thiazide diuretic and an angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor. It is most appropriate for the nurse to do what? A. Contact the healthcare provider. B. Administer both drugs to the patient. C. Administer the thiazide diuretic at bedtime. D. Hold the medications if the blood pressure is normal.

Contact the healthcare provider.

A patient with severe hypertension is prescribed minoxidil. Which medications will the nurse expect to be administered to reduce adverse responses to minoxidil? A. Adenosine [Adenocard] and ticlopidine [Ticlid] B. Furosemide [Lasix] and propranolol [Inderal] C. Digoxin [Lanoxin] and captopril [Capoten] D. Donepezil [Aricept] and clonidine [Catapres]

Furosemide [Lasix] and propranolol [Inderal]

The nurse cares for a patient receiving digoxin [Lanoxin]. What indicates to the nurse that treatment with this medication is effective? A. Improved cardiac output B. Reduced exercise tolerance C. Increased body weight D. Decreased cardiac contractility

Improved cardiac output

A patient who is hospitalized for an infection takes eplerenone [Inspra] for heart failure. Which medication, if ordered by the physician, should the nurse question? A. Ciprofloxacin [Cipro] B. Itraconazole [Sporanox] C. Tetracycline [Sumycin] D. Ampicillin [Principen]

Itraconazole [Sporanox]

Which patient does the nurse identify as most likely needing an increased dose of warfarin [Coumadin] to have the same anticoagulant effect? A. Patient taking acetaminophen [Tylenol] for back pain B. Patient taking cimetidine [Tagamet] to prevent gastric ulcers C. Patient taking oral contraceptives to prevent pregnancy D. Patient taking prednisone [Deltasone] for rheumatoid arthritis

Patient taking oral contraceptives to prevent pregnancy

A patient is prescribed hydralazine. What is most important for the nurse to teach the patient? A. Precautions for postural hypotension B. Prevention of reflex tachycardia C. High initial dose for slow acetylators D. Recognition of hypertrichosis

Prevention of reflex tachycardia

What is the antidote for heparin? A. Ferrous sulfate B. Atropine sulfate C. Protamine sulfate D. Magnesium sulfate

Protamine sulfate

A patient is prescribed digoxin [Lanoxin] and furosemide [Lasix]. It is most important for the nurse to assess which value before administering these medications? A. Serum sodium B. Blood urea nitrogen C. Serum potassium D. Plasma B-natriuretic peptide

Serum potassium

The nurse cares for a patient with a digoxin level of 1.9 ng/mL. Which action would be most appropriate for the nurse to take initially? A. Start continuous heart monitoring. B. Check the patient's serum creatinine. C. Administer digoxin as prescribed. D. Give Fab antibody fragments [Digibind].

Start continuous heart monitoring.

The nurse will teach a patient who is prescribed niacin [Niacor] to prevent flushing of the face by doing what? A. Drinking a full glass of water after taking the medication B. Taking 325 mg of aspirin 30 minutes before each dose C. Ingesting a meal before taking the medication D. Increasing dietary fiber before and after each dose

Taking 325 mg of aspirin 30 minutes before each dose

A patient in the emergency department is diagnosed with ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI). The patient has been prescribed 325 mg of aspirin. Which action by the nurse is appropriate? A. Administer the medication to the patient if a headache develops. B. Administer the medication with a full glass of water. C. Instruct the patient to let the tablet dissolve under the tongue. D. Tell the patient to chew the tablet thoroughly.

Tell the patient to chew the tablet thoroughly.

A patient is prescribed lovastatin [Mevacor]. The nurse will teach the patient to take the medication at which time? A. With any meal B. With the evening meal C. 1 hour before breakfast D. 2 hours after a meal

With the evening meal