Ch. 5 APES MC

Some scientists estimate that the current global extinction rate is about 30,000 species per year. If there are currently 10,000,000 species on Earth, how long will it take to destroy all of Earth's biodiversity?

Between 300 and 500 years

The table below represents the number of individuals of different species that were counted in three forest communities. What statement best interprets these data?

Community C has a greater species richness than Community A

What is not a measure of biodiversity?

Economic diversity

The northern elephant seal was once hunted to near extinction. Only 20 animals remained alive in 1890. After the species was protected from hunting, its population grew to nearly 30,000 animals, but the large population possesses very low genetic variation. Which of the following processes is the best interpretation of this scenario?

Evolution by the bottleneck effect

What allows more rapid evolution?

High genetic variation

The yellow perch is a fish that breeds in spring. A single female can produce up to 40,000 eggs at one time. This species is an example of which the key ideas of Darwin's theory of evolution by natural selection?

Individuals produce and excess of offspring

In 2002, Peter and B. Rosemary Grant studied a population of Darwin's finches on one of the Galapagos Islands that feed on seeds of various sizes. After a drought that caused only large seeds to be available to the birds, they found that natural selection favored those birds that had much smaller beaks and bodies. Which of the following processes is the best interpretation of this scenario?

Microevolution

What condition does not define the fundamental niche of a species?

Predators

What statement is not correct?

Speciation cannot occur without geographic isolation

What is an example of artificial selection?

Thoroughbred racehorses have been bred for speed