Ch. 6 Protein and Amino Acids

protein complementation

_____ is a technique that combines proteins from different sources so that essential amino acids requirements are met

polypeptide

_____ is a term that can be used to describe a protein

fiber

_____ is found in plant protein foods but not in animal protein foods

marasmus

_____ is most likely to result from a chronic deficiency of protein and energy

transamination

_____ is the transfer of an amino group from one amino acid to a carbon-containing molecule to form a nonessential amino acid

end

_____ products of protein digestion include amino acids, dipeptides, and tripeptides

genes

_____ provide the code to synthesize proteins

amino acids

_____, dipeptides, and tripeptides are absorbed at the mucosal cells of the small intestine

monosodium glutamate

adverse reactions including flushing, headache, rapid heartbeat, chest pain and weakness have been reported after the consumption of _____

ATP

amino acid pool refers to amino acids that are present in body tissues and fluids and that are available for protein synthesis or to generate _____

enzyme hormones

amino acids can be used to synthesize proteins that the body needs to become muscle, _____, and blood

non-protein

amino acids found in the amino acid pool of the body are used to synthesize both protein and _____ molecules

energy

amino acids in the pool can be metabolized for _____

ammonia

an amino group can combine with hydrogen to form _____ which is toxic

meat

approximately 2/3 of the dietary protein comes from _____

rice and beans

combining two plant proteins, _____, will provide the essential amino acids needed

dairy

complete sources of protein can be found the my pyramid food group of _____

urea

deamination is the removal of the amino group NH2 and converted to the less toxic _____ molecule, which occurs in the liver

triglycerides, adipose

excess amino acids can be converted into fatty acids and stored as _____ in ____ tissue, which can contribute to weight gain

amino acids and proteins

unlike carbohydrates and triglycerides, _____ are not stored

urea

waste product resulting from the deamination of a protein is _____

10-35%

AMDR for protein intake is _____ of energy intake

marasmus

_____ is a form of protein-energy malnutrition in which a deficiency of energy in the diet causes severe body wasting

pepsin

_____ a stomach enzyme, initiates the break-down process by fragmenting proteins into peptides

vegan vegetarian

_____ are at increased risk of not getting adequate vitamin B12 in their diet

DNA

_____ determines the specific sequence of amino acids in a polypeptide chain

allergies

food _____ can result when a protein is absorbed without being completely digested

muscle contraction

functions of proteins include acid-base balance, fluid balance, and _____

transport

hemoglobin is a _____ protein

aspartame

individuals with the genetic disorder phenylketonuria (PKU) should limit their intake of foods containing _____

deficiency

kwashiorkor is best characterized by a severe protein _____ in young children

peptide bonds

linkage of amino acids in a protein molecule is accomplished by _____

plant

more _____ protein is needed to supply enough of all the essential amino acids

hydrochloric acid

pH lowering effects of _____ convert pepsinogen to pepsin

vegan vegetarian

pattern of food intake that eliminates all animal products is called _____

growing

positive nitrogen balance can occur in a rapidly _____ child

immune

protein consumption is associated with stimulation of _____ response in humans

stomach

protein digestion begins in the _____

duodenum

protein digestion continues in the _____ of the small intestine

malnutrition

protein-energy _____ is characterized by wasting and susceptibility to infection

translation

ribosome and tRNA are involved in protein _____

function

shape of a protein determines it _____

function

shape of a protein determines the protein's _____

deamination

synthesis of glucose from certain amino acids involves _____

transport

the functions of proteins in the body is to _____ substances throughout the body

a

type "a"