Ch. 7
nephr/o
A combining form that means kidney:
cyst/o
A combining form that means urinary bladder:
diabetes insipidus
A condition in which antidiuretic hormone is not secreted adequately or the kidney is resistant to its effect:
diabetes mellitus
A condition is which insulin is not secreted adequately or not used properly in the body:
lithotripsy
A procedure in which urinary tract stones are crushed:
ketosis
Abnormal condition of ketones in the blood and body tissues:
hypernephroma
Cancerous tumor of the kidney in adulthood:
renal pelvis
Central collecting region in the kidney:
nephron
Combination of glomerulus and renal tubule where filtration, reabsorption, and secretion take place in the kidney:
polydipsea
Condition of increased thirst
calyx
Cup-like collecting region of the renal pelvis:
hilium
Depression in an organ where blood vessels and nerves enter and exit:
renal angioplasty
Dilation of narrowed areas in renal arteries:
cystoscopy
Direct visualization of the urethra and urinary bladder with a cystoscope:
potassium
Electrolyte essential for allowing muscle contraction and conduction of nervous impulses:
nocturia
Excessive urination at night:
nephrotic syndrome
Group of clinical signs and symptoms caused by excessive protein loss in urine:
hyperkalemia
High levels of potassium in the blood:
interstitial nephritis
Inflammation of the connective tissue that lies between the renal tubules:
glomerulonephritis
Inflammation of the glomeruli within the kidney:
pyelonephritis
Inflammation of the lining of the renal pelvis and renal parenchyma:
nephrolithiasis
Kidney stones:
hyponatremia
Low levels of sodium in the blood:
urea
Major nitrogenous waste excreted in urine:
Wilms tumor
Malignant tumor of the kidney occurring in childhood:
BUN
Measurement of urea levels in blood
renal tubule
Microscopic tube in the kidney where urine is formed after filtration:
polycystic kidney disease
Multiple fluid-filled cysts within and on the kidney:
urinary bladder
Muscular sac that holds and stores urine:
azotemia
Nitrogen in the blood
creatinine
Nitrogenous waste excreted in urine:
kidney
One of the bean-shaped organs that filter nitrogenous wastes from the bloodstream to form urine:
ureter
One of the two tubes leading from the kidneys to the urinary bladder:
meatus
Opening or canal:
urinary catheterization
Passage of a Foley catheter through the urethra into the urinary bladder:
lithotripsy
Process of crushing a stone in the urinary tract:
micturition
Process of expelling urine:
albuminuria
Protein in the urine
oliguria
Scanty urination:
renal medulla
The inner region of the kidney:
renal cortex
The outer region of the kidney:
calyx
The term caliceal means pertaining to (-al) the ________ (calic/o).
urinary bladder
The term cystitis means inflammation (-itis) of the ________ (cyst/o).
glomerulus
The term glomerular means pertaining to (-ar) the ________glomerul/o.
urinary bladder
The term intravesical means pertaining to (-al) within (intra-) the ________ (vesic/o).
kidney
The term paranephritic means pertaining to (-al) near (para-) the ________ (nephr/o).
renal pelvis
The term pyelolithotomy means incision (-tomy) of the ________ (pyel/o) to remove a stone (lith/o).
kidney
The term renal colic means intermittent spasms of pain caused by calculi in the ________ (ren/o).
trigone
The term trigonitis means inflammation (-itis) of the ________(trigon/o).
ureter
The term ureteroplasty means surgical repair (-plasty) of a ________ (ureter/o).
urethra
The term urethral stricture means narrowing of the ________ (urethr/o).
glomerulus
Tiny ball of capillaries in the kidney:
trigone
Triangular area in the urinary bladder:
urethra
Tube leading from the urinary bladder to the outside of the body:
uremia
Urea in the blood:
peritoneal dialysis
Use of a peritoneal catheter to introduce fluids that cleanse the blood and then are removed:
hemodialysis
Use of an artificial kidney machine that filters waste-filled blood from the patient and then returns it:
KUB
X-ray exam (without contrast) of the kidneys, ureters, and bladder:
VCUG
X-ray image (with contrast) of the urinary bladder and urethra obtained while the patient is voiding:
RP
X-ray imaging of the renal pelvis and ureters after injection of contrast through a urinary catheter into the ureters from the bladder: