CH 8, 36, 38 Review Questions

Hydrogen bonding between water molecules results

cohesion

Guttation is most likely to be observed on

cool summer night

The colors of light that are most effective for photosynthesis are

red, blue, violet

In vascular plants, one difference between root and shoot systems is that

root systems undergo secondary growth but do not form bark.

Palisade and spongy parenchyma are typically found in the mesophyll of

eudicots.

The overall flow of electrons in the light reactions is from

H2O to NADPH

What will happen if a cell with a solute potential of -0.4 MPa and a pressure potential of 0.2 MPa is placed in a chamber filled with pure water that is pressurized with 0.5 MPa?

Water will flow into the cell.

Which of the following statements is inaccurate?

Xylem transports materials up the plant while phloem transports materials down the plant

Which of the following plant cell type is mismatched to its function

Collenchyma--performs photosynthesis

Root hairs and lateral roots are similar in each respect except

Both are generally long-lived; both are multicellular

Which cells lack living protoplasts at maturity?

Sclerenchyma

Plant organs form by

cell division in meristematic tissue

The light dependent reactions of photosynthesis are responsible for the production of

ATP and NADPH

Many vegetables are grown today through hydroponics, in which the plant roots exist primarily in an aqueous solution. Which of the following root structures is no longer beneficial in hydroponics?

Bark

The formation of an air bubble is the xylem is called

Cavitation

When you peel your potatoes for dinner, you are removing the majority of their

Dermal tissue; vascular tissue

Where in a chloroplast would you find the highest concentration of protons

In the lumen of the thylakoid

If the thylakoid membrane became leaky to ions, what would you predict to be the result on the light reactions

It would stop ATP production

A plant that produces two axillary buds at a node is said to have what type of leaf arrangement?

Opposite

Which is the correct sequence of cell types encountered in an oak tree, moving from the center of the tree out?

Pith, primary xylem, secondary xylem, vascular cambium, secondary phloem, primary phloem, cork cambium, cork

Which of the following statements is not true of the stems of vascular plants

Primary growth only occurs at the shoot apical meristem.

Which of the following is an active transport mechanism?

Proton Pump

If you could override the control mechanisms that open stomata and force them to remain closed, what would you expect to happen to the plant?

Sugar synthesis would likely slow down; water transport would likely slow down.

How does the reaction center of photosystem I regain an electron during noncyclic photosynthesis

The electron is donated from photosystem II

If you were able to remove the aquaporins from cell membranes, which of the following would be the likely consequence?

The potassium symport would no longer function.

How is a reaction center pigment in a photosystem different from a pigment in the antenna complex.

The reaction center pigment loses an electron when it absorbs light energy.

In order to kill a bunch of trees most effectively, a porcupine should completely remove

The vascular cambium

What would be the consequence of removing the Casparian strip?

There would be less selectivity as to what passsed into the xylem.

Which of the following are similarities between the structure and function of mitochondria and chloroplasts?

They both create internal proton gradients by electron transport; They both have an outer membrane and an inner membrane system.

Which region of a chloroplast is associated with the capture of light energy

Thylakoid membrane

The function of guard cells is to

allow carbon dioxide uptake

Carbon fixation by the C4 pathway produces

an organic acid, but a 4-carbon one not 3 carbon

Water movement through cell walls is

apoplastic

The ATP and NADPH from the light reactions are used

during the reactions of the Calvin cycle to produce glucose.

Casparian strips are found in the root

endodermis

If the Calvin cycle runs through six turns

enough arbon will be fixed to make one glucose, but they will not all be in the same molecule.

C4 plants initially fix carbon by

incorporating CO2 into oxaloacetate which is converted to malate.

The carbon fixation reaction converts

inorganic carbon into an organic acid.

If you were to relocate the pericycle of a plant root to the epidermal layer, how would it affect root growth?

lateral roots would grow from the outer region of the root and fail to connect with the vascular tissue

Which of the following is not an adaptation to a high saline environment.

lowering of root water potential

Root hairs form in the zone of

maturation

A unique feature of plants is indeterminate growth. Indeterminate growth is possible beause

meristematic cells continually replace themselves

Roots differ from stems because roots lack

nodes

Unlike eudicot stems, monocot stems lack

pith.

During noncyclic photosynthesis, photosystem I functions to ___ and phtosystem II functions to ___

reduce NADP+; oxidize H2O

The overall process of photosynthesis

results in the reduction of CO2 and the oxidation of H2O.

You can determine the age of an oak tree by counting the annual rings of ______ formed by the ______.

secondary xylem/vascular cambium

The food-conducting cells in an oak tree

sieve-tube members

The water potential of a plant cell is the

sum of the pressure potential and solute potential

Stomata open when guard cells

take up potassium

Fifteen years ago, your parents hung a swing from the lower branch of a large tree growing in your yard. Why is the swing not higher off the ground as the tree has grown

the tree trunk shows secondary growth

A plant must expend energy to drive

translocation