Ch. 8 Quiz Bank

When deciding which staff to team-up to work on work packages, factors to consider are: Years of working in the company. Both work habits and practical experience. Both practical experience and years of working in the company. Work habits. Practical experience.

Both work habits and practical experience.

__________ is a technique that can be used to quickly solve the combinational problem of resource allocation. Rules Algorithms Heuristics Optimizations Methods

Heuristics

Many companies are ________ project work to contractors and consultants as a means of dealing with the peaks and valleys of resource allocation among projects. Spinning-off Offshoring Assigning Outsourcing Doing

Outsourcing

A project engineer has been scheduled to run the product system test at the same time as building a marketing prototype. This is an example of what type of resource constraint? Technical Time People Equipment Physical

People

A test engineer is to conduct environmental testing but the chamber cannot hold all the equipment that needs to be tested. This is an example of a constraint that could impact the sequence and timing of activities in a project network. What type of constraint is it? Technical Scheduling Resource Time Physical

Physical

Which of the following is NOT one of the more common problems associated with scheduling multi-project resources inefficient resource utilization delays in one project causing delays in other projects decline in project quality resource bottlenecks overall schedule slippage

decline in project quality

All resource leveling techniques involve using negative slack. delaying noncritical activities. delaying the project. adding resources. delaying critical activities.

delaying noncritical activities.

Since resource leveling or smoothing delays noncritical activities, a common result is an increase in network ___________. paths complexity sensitivity nodes density

sensitivity

When the work in an activity is interrupted to work on another activity and is then resumed at a later point in time, it is called _________. overriding preempting prioritizing all of these are correct splitting

splitting

Splitting an activity can result in all of the following EXCEPT A.more people working on the same activity. B.a better project schedule. C.a resource being moved from one activity to another and then back. D.activity work being placed on hold for a period until more resources are available. E. possible startup and shutdown costs.

A. more people working on the same activity.

If resources are not adequate to meet peak demands, the resulting reschedule is termed time-constrained scheduling. project resource adjustment. mandatory leveling. resource-constrained scheduling. allocation.

resource-constrained scheduling.

When leveling schedules to overcome resource constraints, ___________ is increased. scheduling complexity amount of total slack Cost impact of risks amount of free slack

scheduling complexity

In a resource-constrained project the second priority in assigning resources is usually given to activities with the highest cost lowest identification number smallest duration most slack least slack

smallest duration

When using the _______ scheduling technique, startup and shutdown costs are major considerations. PERT critical path method splitting laddering lags

splitting

This is used to compare the cost accounts between organizational units and deliverables. Earned value Project schedule Direct labor budget rollup Chart of accounts Comparison audit

Direct labor budget rollup

In a resource-constrained project, the first, or primary, priority in assigning resources is usually given to activities with the Least slack Lowest identification number Highest cost Most slack Smallest duration

Least slack

When only one person is responsible for performing several activities, all due at the same time, this is an example of a(n) ________ constraint. Logical Materials Equipment Technical Resource

Resource

If it becomes necessary to delay one or several late starts to accommodate resource limitations, this is called: Resource smoothing Resource scheduling Splitting Resource accommodation Resource-constrained scheduling

Resource-constrained scheduling

If it becomes necessary to delay one or several late starts to accommodate resource limitations, this is called: splitting Resource-constrained scheduling Resource scheduling Resource accommodation Resource smoothing

Resource-constrained scheduling

When leveling schedules to overcome resources constraints, ________ is increased. Amount of total slack Scheduling complexity Impact of risks Amount of fre

Scheduling complexity

Which of the following is NOT a potential consequence of failing to identify limited resources before project implementation? Activity delays Project delays Difficulty in taking quick corrective action Scope creep Increase costs

Scope creep

A project leader's boss has indicated that their project is very important. If the critical path is delayed, the lead will be given whatever is needed to get it back on schedule. The project is classified as _________ constrained. Resource Time Cost Quality Performance

Time

In order that the new product is on the shelf for the Christmas buying season, the development of the new product would be classified as a(n) -constrained project. Equipment Technical Time Resource Logical

Time

When looking at the critical path for a delayed project and the project manager sees that adding resources will reduce or removed the delay, the project manager knows that the project is: Time-constrained Over-Allocated Ahead of schedule Unstable Institutionally challenged

Time-constrained

If three copiers are needed to produce a final report on time and only two are available, the project is facing a(n) ________ type of resource constraint. material people equipment budget physical

equipment

When a project is classified as resource-constrained, a resource constraint exists, and positive slack is insufficient, then the project duration is typically __________. flexible fixed static extended without slack

extended

All of the following are types of resource constraints EXCEPT people. information. human. materials. equipment.

information.

Which constraint category should be considered before all others? material resources constraints human resource constraints equipment resource constraints logical and technical constraints time constraints

logical and technical constraints

In a resource-constrained project the third priority in assigning resources is usually given to activities with the most slack. lowest identification number. least slack. smallest duration. highest cost.

lowest identification number.

A project scheduler is trying to reallocate resources in a time-constrained project to create smoother resource utilization. The scheduler should first identify activities with the least slack. lowest identification number. highest cost. most slack. smallest duration.

most slack

In reality resource allocation generally occurs in a(n) ___________ environment where the demands of one project have to be reconciled with the needs of other projects. risky budget-constrained multiproject controlled uncertain

multiproject

When a company will reduce the number of projects they have to manage internally to only core projects and send noncritical projects to contractors and consulting firms this is called outsourcing task sharing. redistribution of projects. project allocation. referring.

outsourcing

A shortage of software developers to create software is an example of a(n) ________ type of resource constraint. people budget physical equipment material

people

Renovation of a small compartment in a houseboat or camping trailer that is too small for more than one person is an example of a(n) ________ resource constraint. material people budget equipment physical

physical

A project cost baseline is also called __________. budget distribution earned value (EV) planned value (PV) actual cost (AC) budget allocation

planned value (PV)

After resource leveling or smoothing, one goal is that the amount of resources needed over the life of the project will be ___________. minimized constant increased reduced maximized

reduced

In reviewing the status of a project with top management, a team leader was told that there are only two programmers that can be used for the project. The project is classified as __________ constrained. quality performance cost time resource

resource

When only one person is responsible for performing several activities, all due at the same time, this is an example of a(n) ________ constraint. resource technical materials equipment logical

resource

When there are not enough people, money, and/or equipment available for a project it is known as being operationally successful project constrained managerially resourceful delayed without prejudice resource constrained

resource constrained

A project manager has two engineers assigned to the project and does not have access to more even if the result means extending the completion date on the project. The project manager is managing a(n) ________. people- constrained project time-constrained project resource constrained project human constrained project engineer constrained project

resource constrained project

If resource demand varies widely over the life of the project, the project manager can try to use slack (delaying noncritical activities) to accommodate insufficient resources. This process is called____. resource scheduling splitting resource accommodation resource-constrained scheduling resource smoothing

resource smoothing

A project manager has two engineers assigned to the project and does not have access to more even if the result means extending the completion date on the project. The project manager is managing a(n) ________. people-constrained project resource-constrained project time-constrained project engineer-constrained project human-constrained project

resource-constrained project

Resource dependency takes priority over the technological dependency but does not violate ___________ dependencies. equipment logical time resource technical

technical

When developing a new software package, logically, the software must be designed before the code is written, and the code must be written before it is tested. These activities are dependent on each other by _________ constraints. physical technical time resource schedule

technical

A(n) ________ constraint addresses the sequence in which project activities must occur even after considering resource constraints. hard predecessor successor serial technical or logic

technical or logic

In order that the new product is on the shelf for the Christmas buying season, the development of the new product would be classified as a(n) ________ -constrained project. logical technical equipment resource time

time

In terms of project classification, ________ constrained means that project duration is fixed and resources are flexible. material people resource equipment time

time

When considering the sequence and timing of activities, which of the following is NOT one of the types of project network constraints? time technical resources physical All of these are types of constraints that could impact structure of the project network.

time

hese are all guidelines a project manager should consider when assigning project work EXCEPT A..always assign the best people to the most difficult tasks B.select individuals with skill sets that complement each other. C.have people work together early so that they can become familiar with each other. D.select people with compatible work habits and personalities. E.when possible, team veterans up with new hires

A..always assign the best people to the most difficult tasks

A special truck that is needed on the project has been assigned to another project. This is an example of what type of resource constraint? Equipment Information People Materials Working capital

Equipment

A special truck that is needed on the project has been assigned to another project. This is an example of what type of resource constraint? Materials People Equipment Working capital Information

Equipment

All of the following are benefits of scheduling resources before project implementation EXCEPT It ensures low network sensitivity. The project completion date can be established. it allows managers to share resources with other project managers if it is requested without negatively impacting their project. it allows managers to share resources with other project managers if it is requested without negatively impacting their project. it allows time for considering reasonable options if resource constraints do exist.

It ensures low network sensitivity.

A project purchasing agent is trying to order the concrete needed to continue the project. However, the supplier will not be able to deliver it until next week. This is an example of what kind of resource constraint? Materials Equipment People Working capital Information

Materials

Resources are adequate, but demand varies widely over the life of the project. Delaying noncritical activities to lower peak demand on resources is known as resource Smoothing shifting. effectiveness. allocation. manipulating.

Smoothing

In a resource-constrained project, which of the following is most likely to be changed? The completion date The budget Resource levels Scope creep Project quality

The completion date

A project budget report is showing our project as spending $50,000 against a budgeted amount of $65,000. Which of the following is true? We are spending less than we should for the project We should check to see if all the bills have been paid We have more money to put into budget reserves We are doing a good job managing the project We can't be sure how the project is going

We can't be sure how the project is going

Technical constraints have been carefully considered when developing a project network. Which of the following is true at this point? a.Technical dependencies between activities are known. b.The project completion date can be established c.Resources have been assigned to each activity so they are adequate to complete the project on time. d.All of these are true statements once technical constraints have been established. e.The project is ready to be implemented.

a. Technical dependencies between activities are known.

Most of the scheduling methods available today require the project manager to classify the project as either _______ constrained or ______ constrained. time, resource time, quality quality, cost cost, time quality, resource

time, resource

When developing project networks, which of the following is not a reason for delineating technical dependencies first before doing resource dependencies? A. Even if resources are known, one cannot assess the impact of limited resources until a resource-neutral schedule is created. B.All of these alternatives are reasons for delineating technical dependencies first before doing resource dependencies. C.Resource availability may not be known until the initial schedule is completed. D.An effort to examine the interactions between technical/logical constraints and resource limitations frequently uncovers surprising problems. E.The interrelationships and interactions among time and resource constraints are complex for even small project networks.

B.All of these alternatives are reasons for delineating technical dependencies first before doing resource dependencies.

Why is it necessary to have a time-phased budget baseline? A. It reduces schedule slippage when scheduling multiproject resources. B.It shows how much work was accomplished for the money spent. C.It allows proper resource allocation. D.It reduces fluctuations in cash flow during the project. E.It is not necessary to have a time-phased budget baseline.

B.It shows how much work was accomplished for the money spent

n a resource-constrained project the second priority in assigning resources is usually given to activities with the Smallest duration Highest cost Most slack Least slack Lowest identification number

Smallest duration

When the work in an activity is interrupted to work on another activity and is hen resumed at a later point in time, it is called . Splitting Preempting Overriding Prioritizing All of these alternatives are correct

Splitting

While balancing assignments, a project manager must also balance: Work package slack. Overall project cost. Project cost. Earned value. Talent development.

Talent development.

When developing a new software package, logically, the software must be designed before the code is written, and the code must be written before it is tested. These activities are dependent on each other by constraints. Schedule Time Technical Resource Physical

Technical

A project leader has realized that two activities in the project cannot be done at the same time because not enough resources are available. Activity 3 is critical and has a duration of 5 days. Activity 4 has 2 days of slack and a duration of 2 days. How will the project leader decide which activity should be scheduled first? The activity with the smallest duration The activity with the lowest identification number The activity with the least slack The activity with the highest cost The activity with the highest cost

The activity with the least slack

Which of the following questions does a project manager NOT have to address when considering resources allocated to a project? How much flexibility do we have in using resources? Will the assigned labor be adequate and available to deal with my project? Will scope have to be redefined/stabilized? Do unforeseen resource dependencies exist? Will outside contractors have to be used?

Will scope have to be redefined/stabilized?

Project budgets are developed by time-phasing which of the following? Multiple Choice Resource schedules The network diagram None of these are time-phased to develop a project budget. Work packages Critical activities

Work packages

Resource leveling or smoothing can have all the following results on a project EXCEPT a more sensitive network a longer project duration reduced fluctuations in resource demand reduced resource need over the life of the project lower peak resource demand

a longer project duration