Ch. 9 Diversity of Life

Which of the following is an example of a parasitic fungal disease? Trichinosis Malaria Sleeping sickness Athlete's foot Herpes

Athlete's foot

Are all fungi prokaryotes? No, they are all eukaryotes. Yes, all fungi are prokaryotes. No, they are neither prokaryotes nor eukaryotes. No, some are prokaryotes, some are eukaryotes.

No, they are all eukaryotes.

If there were no fungi, which of the following would occur? Grazing animals would be unable to digest plants. Nutrient recycling would stop. Oxygen production would stop. Plants would overrun the Earth.

Nutrient recycling would stop

What is a major role fungi play in an ecosystem? Fixing carbon from the atmosphere Photosynthesis Synthesizing glucose from carbon dioxide and water Recycling nutrients from dead organisms back into the food chain

Recycling nutrients from dead organisms back into the food chain

Molds easily contaminate foods because fungi have haploid bodies. are not visible. are unaffected by cooking. produce huge numbers of airborne spores. produce temporary, visible reproductive structures.

produce huge numbers of airborne spores

The edible portion of the mushroom is the ________. hypha spore reproductive structure mycelium

reproductive structure

If a fungicide was applied near a plant, how might it kill the plant? By breaking down the chitin in the plant's cell walls By killing the insects that pollinate the plant By killing the fungus associated with the plant's roots By breaking down the cellulose in the plant's cell walls

By killing the fungus associated with the plant's roots

How do fungi reproduce sexually? By the fusion of spores from two different fungi By the fusion of hyphae from two different fungi By the fusion of gametes from two different fungi By asexual reproduction only

By the fusion of hyphae from two different fungi

What creates the holes in bread? Oxygen gas Alcohol Yeast Air Carbon dioxide

Carbon dioxide

Which of the following is a by-product of yeast fermentation? Chitin Sugar Oxygen gas Carbon dioxide Carbon monoxide

Carbon dioxide

Which polysaccharide is produced by both fungi and arthropods? Glucose Glycogen Fructose Cellulose Chitin

Chitin

What is the evolutionary history between fungi and plants? Fungi evolved first and gave rise to the plants. Plants evolved first, fungi evolved second but not from plants. Plants evolved first and gave rise to the fungi. Fungi evolved first, plants evolved second but not from fungi.

Fungi evolved first, plants evolved second but not from fungi.

Fungi that feed on dead tissue are saprophytes. True or False? True False

True

Ringworm is a fungal infection of the skin. True or False? True False

True

Fungal cell walls are different from plant cell walls because fungal walls contain chitin, whereas plant walls have cellulose. chitin, whereas plant walls have starch. cellulose, whereas plant walls have pectin. glycogen, whereas plant walls have cellulose. cellulose, whereas plant walls have chitin.

chitin, whereas plant walls have cellulose

The importance of fungi to ecosystems is mostly as a(n) decomposer. predator. symbiote. parasite. producer.

decomposer

Fungi usually obtain food by absorbing it and then digesting it within fungal cells. chemosynthesis. digesting it externally and then absorbing it. producing antibiotics that internally destroy bacteria. photosynthesis.

digesting it externally and then absorbing it.

Rusts and smuts are examples of lichens. human pathogens. fungal plant diseases. yeasts. mycorrhizae.

fungal plant diseases

The antibiotic penicillin was originally derived from plants. Archaea. fungi. chemical factories. bacteria.

fungi

Fungi are made of bundles of threadlike ________. chitins mycelia lichens hyphae

hyphae

The body of a fungus is generally composed of hyphae. mycorrhizae. cellulose. vascular tissue. mold.

hyphae.

The interwoven mass of cells that forms large structures such as an earthstar or a mushroom is a mycelium. spore. septum. root. hypha.

mycelium

Both bacteria and fungi digest food by eating only small organisms that they can engulf. photosynthesis. forming food vacuoles through phagocytosis. secreting enzymes and then absorbing the smaller molecules. ingesting previously decomposed molecules.

secreting enzymes and then absorbing the smaller molecules

During alcohol fermentation, yeasts ferment carbon dioxide. oxygen gas. chitin. complex carbohydrates. sugar.

sugar

Single-celled fungi are known as yeasts. club fungi. spores. chytrids. prokaryotes.

yeasts