Ch. 9 Joints
e
A synchondrosis is composed of hyaline cartilage. is found in the epiphyseal plate. ultimately becomes a synostosis. A and B are correct. A, B and C are correct.
hinge
The elbow joint is what kind of joint?
adduction
Which action moves the part toward the midline?
d
Which of the following are most commonly repaired via arthroplasty? hips knees wrists A and B are correct. A, B and C are correct.
ligaments
Which synovial joint structure can be described as strong cords of dense white connective tissue that help stabilize a joint?
abduction
What is the motion that moves a body part away from the medial plane of the body?
flexion
Which action decreases the angle of a joint?
pannus
Which condition or disorder can be described as an aggregation of inflammatory cells, granulation tissue, and fibroblasts that adheres to the articular cartilage?
knee
Which joint in the body is most likely to be injured?
symphysis
Which joints are held together by cartilage?
a
Which of the following is NOT classified as a special movement? lateral flexion inversion protraction opposition pronation
a
Which of the following is NOT one of the four main types of movement occurring at synovial joints? inversion gliding angular movement rotation special movement
a
Which of the following is NOT true of symphyses? They consist of one kind of cartilage. They are found only along the midline of the body. They are found between the vertebrae. They are found between the manubrium and body of the sternum. They are found between the pubic bones.
a
Which of the following is an example of a synarthrosis? a suture in the skull the vertebral column the atlanto-occipital joint the knee the elbow
b
Which of the following is true of a hip replacement? Components used in the prosthesis usually provoke strong immune responses. A partial hip replacement replaces only the femur. None of the possible side effects of the procedure are potentially life-threatening. The head of the femur is usually recycled for another patient. The acetabular replacement is usually made of metal alloys.
c
Which of the following is true of a syndesmosis? A syndesmosis allows considerable movement. A syndesmosis links bones together with cartilage. A syndesmosis has more fibrous tissue than a suture. A syndesmosis joins bones that are closer together than those of a suture. A syndesmosis is found between the radius and humerus.
b
Which of the following is true of gliding movements? They occur at the metacarpal:phalangeal joints. There is no significant alteration of the angle between the bones involved. One bone involved has a rounded process that fits into a fossa on the other bone. A and B are correct. A, B and C are correct.
joint capsule
Which synovial joint structure can be described as a sleevelike extension of the periosteum of each of the articulating bones in a joint?
articular cartilage
Which synovial joint structure can be described as a thin layer of cartilage covering the articulating surfaces of the bones?
menisci
Which synovial joint structure can be described as pads of fibrocartilage between articulating bones?
joint cavity
Which synovial joint structure can be described as small space between two articulating bones?
gomphosis
Which type of joint is found between a tooth and the maxilla or mandible?
extension
Which type of movement increases the angle between body parts?
depressed
A 16 year-old is so surprised by the new Lexus she is given for her birthday that her jaw hangs open. In scientific terms, her mandible is
diarthrosis
A freely movable joint is a(n)
syndesemosis
A ligamentous connection such as an interosseus ligament is termed a
amphiarthrosis
A slightly movable joint is a(n)
c
A student examining a joint observes collagen-rich connective tissue fibers linking the bones, but finds no synovial cavity. Which structural classification fits the observed joint? synovial cartilaginous fibrous diarthrosis amphiarthrosis
b
All synovial joints contain fibrocartilage. are diarthroses. lack a capsule around the bones. are found in the axial skeleton. are found in the appendicular skeleton.
c
An epiphyseal line is an example of a syndesmosis. gomphosis. synostosis. synchondrosis. symphysis.
synarthrosis
An immovable joint is a(n)
e
Arthroplasty is the surgical replacement of diseased or damaged joints. replaces the patient's joints with metal, ceramic and/or plastic components. is used to relieve pain. is used to restore function of a joint. All of the above are correct.
d
Bursae are fat-filled sacs. are integral parts of the articular capsule. are never observed between ligaments and bones. help reduce friction between moving parts. are associated with synarthroses.
d
Consider the anatomy of the pubic bones. They are joined by cartilage and allow limited movement. Their junction is classified as a(n): amphiarthrosis. cartilaginous joint. synarthrosis A and B are correct. A, B, and C are correct.
d
Each of the following is classified as an angular movement EXCEPT: flexion extension hyperextension rotation circumduction
a
Finish this sentence: "Sutures... have interlocking edges that reduce the likelihood of a fracture. that are replaced by bone are called gomphoses. are classified as diarthroses. are found in the skull and the acetabulum. consist of a thick layer of loose connective tissue.
d
How is a cartilaginous joint like a fibrous joint? It has no synovial cavity. It permits little or no movement. It is composed of fibrous or hyaline cartilage. A and B are correct. A, B and C are correct.
b
Mensici are pads of hyaline cartilage. help bones fit together more closely. help decrease the stability of a joint. block the flow of synovial fluid within a joint. All of the above are correct.
a
Rheumatism is any painful condition of the supporting structures of the body. is any infection of the supporting structures of the body. excludes arthritis. A and B are correct. A, B and C are correct.
d
Rotation refers to movement of a bone around its own longitudinal axis. is further described by determining whether the anterior surface of a bone moves toward or away from the midline. occurs at the atlanto-occipital joint. A and B are correct. A, B and C are correct.
extrascapular
Some synovial joints are strengthened by joints that lie outside the articular capsule or outside of folds of synovial membranes. Such ligaments are called
b
The acromioclavicular joint is part of the pelvic girdle. allows gliding and some rotation. is considered a synovial joint by function. includes the anterior end of the first rib. is considered a diarthrotic joint by structure.
saddle
The joint between the trapezium and metacarpal bone of the thumb is an example of a(n) ________ joint.
prepatellar bursa
The most anterior bursa of the knee is the...
a
The outer fibrous layer of the articular capsule allows a wide range of motion at a joint. facilitates the dislocation of bones. attaches to the endosteum of bones. A and B are correct. A, B and C are correct.
c
The sacroiliac joint is actually a diarthrosis. It is a ____________ joint that becomes more flexible during pregnancy. ball-and-Socket pivot planar hinge
e
The synovial membrane lubricates diarthrotic joints. helps absorb mechanical shocks. brings nutrients and O2 to cartilage in diarthroses. removes wastes and CO2 from cartilages in diarthroses. All of the above are correct.
d
The type of movement associated with a pivot joint is... side to side and back and forth movement sliding movement many types, but no rotation rotation around its longitudinal axis
gliding movement
The type of movement associated with a planar joint is...
d
Structural classification of a joint is based on the amount of space between the bones and the presence (or absence) of a synovial cavity. the type of connective tissue found that links the bones together. the amount of movement allowed at the joint. A and B are correct. A, B and C are correct.
e
Tendon sheaths help reduce friction between moving parts. are tube-like bursae. are associated with the wrist, ankle, fingers and toes. A and B are correct. A, B and C are correct.