ch09

resource histogram

A(n) ____ is a column chart that shows the number of resources assigned to a project over time.

organizational breakdown structure (OBS)

A(n) ____ is a specific type of organizational chart that shows which organizational units are responsible for which work items.

Request for Proposal (RFP)

A(n) ____ or draft contract often provides the basis for defining and finalizing work requirements.

promotion

According to Thamhain and Wilemon, ____ is the ability to improve a worker's position.

authority

According to Thamhain and Wilemon, ____ is the legitimate hierarchical right to issue orders.

proactive

Covey, like Maslow, believes that people have the ability to be ____ and choose their responses to different situations.

motivators

Herzberg called factors that cause job satisfaction ____.

four

Human resource management includes ____ processes.

human resource management

If organizations want to be successful at implementing information technology projects, they need to understand the importance of project ____ and take actions to make effective use of people.

Sensation/Intuition

In the MBTI, the ____ dimension relates to the manner in which you gather information.

storming

In the Tuckman model, ____ occurs as team members have different opinions as to how the team should operate.

performing

In the Tuckman model, ____ occurs when the emphasis is on reaching the team goals, rather than working on team process.

acquiring the project team

Key outputs of ____ process are project staff assignments, resource calendars, and project management plan updates.

Theory Y

Managers who believe in McGregor's ____ assume that individuals do not inherently dislike work, but consider it as natural as play or rest.

issue log

Many project managers keep a(n) ____ to document, monitor, and track issues that need to be resolved for the project team to work effectively.

deficiency

Only after meeting ____ needs can individuals act upon growth needs.

Theory X

People who believe in ____ assume that the average worker wants to be directed and prefers to avoid responsibility.

power

People who need personal ____ want to direct others and can be seen as bossy.

affiliation

People with a high need for ____ desire harmonious relationships with other people and need to feel accepted by others.

achievement

People with a high need for ____ seek to excel and tend to avoid both low-risk and high-risk situations to improve their chances for achieving something worthwhile.

"Amiables"

Psychologist David Merril describes ____ as reactive and people-oriented.

"Analyticals"

Psychologist David Merril describes ____ as reactive and task-oriented.

motivation

Psychosocial issues that affect how people work and how well they work include ____, influence and power, and effectiveness.

leveling

Resource ____ aims to minimize period-by-period variations in resource loading by shifting tasks within their slack allowances.

RACI charts

Some organizations use ____ to show Responsibility, Accountability, Consultation, and Informed roles for project stakeholders.

responsibility assignment matrix (RAM)

The ____ allocates work to responsible and performing organizations, teams, or individuals, depending on the desired level of detail.

Myers-Briggs Type Indicator (MBTI)

The ____ is a popular tool for determining personality preferences.

Thematic Apperception Test (TAT)

The ____ is a tool to measure the individual needs of different people using McClelland's categories.

human resource plan

The ____ often includes an organizational chart for the project, detailed information on roles and responsibilities, and a staffing management plan.

TAT

The ____ presents subjects with a series of ambiguous pictures and asks them to develop a spontaneous story for each picture, assuming they will project their own needs into the story.

finalizing the project requirements

The first step in the framework for defining and assigning work is ____.

developing the project team

The main outputs of ____ process are team performance assessments and enterprise environmental factors updates.

five

There are ____ main types of power, based on French and Raven's classic study, "The Bases of Social Power."

Sub-project managers

____ are responsible for managing the subprojects into which a large project might be divided.

Extrinsic motivation

____ causes people to do something for a reward or to avoid a penalty.

Theory Z

____ emphasizes things such as job rotation, broadening of skills, generalization versus specialization, and the need for continuous training of workers.

Developing the project team

____ involves building individual and group skills to enhance project performance.

Acquiring the project team

____ involves getting the needed personnel assigned to and working on the project.

Developing the human resource plan

____ involves identifying and documenting project roles, responsibilities, and reporting relationships.

Managing the project team

____ involves tracking team member performance, motivating team members, providing timely feedback, resolving issues and conflicts, and coordinating changes to help enhance project performance.

Reward power

____ involves using incentives to induce people to do things.

Coercive power

____ involves using punishment, threats, or other negative approaches to get people to do things they do not want to do.

Rapport

____ is a relation of harmony, conformity, accord, or affinity.

Resource leveling

____ is a technique for resolving resource conflicts by delaying tasks.

Referent power

____ is based on an individual's personal charisma.

Legitimate power

____ is getting people to do things based on a position of authority.

Empathic listening

____ is listening with the intent to understand.

Mirroring

____ is matching certain behaviors of the other person.

Synergy

____ is the concept that the whole is equal to more than the sum of its parts.

Power

____ is the potential ability to influence behavior to get people to do things they would not otherwise do.

Overallocation

____ means more resources than are available are assigned to perform work at a given time.

Resource loading

____ refers to the amount of individual resources an existing schedule requires during specific time periods.

Achievers

____ should receive frequent performance feedback, and although money is not an important motivator to them, it is an effective form of feedback.

Seek first to understand, then to be understood

Which of Covey's habits does Douglas Ross suggest differentiates good project managers from average or poor project managers? ____

Deputy project managers

____ fill in for project managers in their absence and assist them as needed.