ch1
Finding a solution to the world food crisis is a purpose of ______.
UNICEF
A kilogram equals 1000 grams or about _____ pounds.
2.2
What constant is used to convert inches to centimeters?
2.54
A gram of protein contains_____kilocalories per gram.
4
A food with 120 kcal from protein, has about _____ grams of protein.
4=gram 120/4=30
How many kilocalories are in one gram of alcohol?
7
How many kilocalories is provided by 10 grams of pure alcohol?
7=kilo 10x7=70kiol
No specific food contains _____ the nutrients needed by the body.
all of
An energy intake greater than energy expenditure results in _____.
body fat increases
_____is a unit of heat energy needed to raise one
calorie
What is the second leading cause of death to Americans?
cancer
Which of the following diseases would be considered chronic?
cancer heart disease
When a nutrient is missing or deficient in the diet, a ___ disease occurs
deficiency,
If a vitamin, amino acid, herb, or mineral is sold, it is considered a
dietary
A product that contains a vitamin, a mineral, an herb or other plant product, an amino acid, or a dietary substance that supplements the diet by increasing total intake is called a(n)______.
dietary supplement
About 50 nutrients are considered ______.
essential
Vitamins, minerals, water, and amino acids are all examples of _____.
essential nutrients
Poor eating habits contribute to the development of _____.
excess body fat heart disease type 2 diabetes some types of cancer
If a person consumes more calories than he/she expends they will _____ weight.
gain
The metric prefixes micro--, milli--, centi--, deci--, centi--, and kilo indicate whether a measurement is a fraction or a multiple of a _____.
gram liter meter
In order to reduce hunger, families and small farmers in underdeveloped countries can learn more efficient ways to______.
grow food distribute food process food
The effects of malnutrition can be devastating on the following stages of rapid growth.
infancy childhood pregnancy
Which of the following nutrients are considered essential?
iron glucose water
Your client weights 150 pounds, what is her weight in kilograms?
kg=2.2 150/2.2=68.2g
How many kilocalories from protein are provided from a food containing 4 grams of protein?
kil=4 4x4=16
What contributes to the spread of infectious disease in developing countries?
lack of clean cooking and drinking water poor sanitation practices
In developing countries, poor sanitation practices and the lack of clean cooking and drinking water cause ______.
majority of all diseases
A state of health that occurs when the body is improperly nourished is termed
malnutrition
What is the state of health when the body is improperly nourished, including under- and overnutrition?
malnutrition
Special diets prescribed for people with chronic health conditions are called
medical nutrition therapies
Who has more body water?
men
What system of measurement is used in nutrition?
metric
Consuming reasonable amounts of food while obtaining enough nutrients from food is defined as dietary______.
moderation
Choose the food that is energy dense but provides some nutrition.
nut
A centimeter is
one hundredth of a meter
what is a non nutrient ?
plants
A cell is the name of the ______ living functional unit in an organism.
smallest
In 2016, the National Academy of Sciences reported ______.
that there is no scientific evidence that indicates genetically engineered crops are unsafe for humans or harmful to the environment
Since no natural food contains all the nutrients as they are needed by the body, _____ can help ensure the nutritional adequacy of a diet.
variety
is the most essential nutrient.?
water
Which of the following are the major classes of nutrients?
water carbohydrates lipids
gram
wieght
Which of the following best describes a kilocalorie?
A unit describing the energy content of food.
Which nutrients provide energy?
carbohydrates, fats, proteins
liter
volumeBB
Examples of foods that are nutrient dense and energy dense are _____.
nuts peanut butter wholemilk
what influences your eating
Numerous factors influence food choices, including food advertising, peers, income, moods, and personal beliefs.
carbohydrates, fats, proteins, vitamins, minerals, water
Six classes of nutrition
statement about genetically modified crops.
There is no scientific evidence that genetically modified crops are harmful to the environment. There is no scientific evidence that indicates genetically modified crops are unsafe for humans to consume.
_____is s the smallest living functional unit in an organism.
cell
essential nutrients
A nutrient that must be supplied by food and cannot be made in sufficient quantities by the body is called a(n)
Dietary moderation can be achieved by______.
consuming food in reasonable amounts obtaining nutrients from the food one eats
the study of the composition and characteristics of matter and changes that can happen to it
Chemistry is______.
Which of the following protects cells and their components from being damaged or destroyed by exposure to certain environmental and internal factors?
antioxidants
Medical nutrition therapies are______.
diets prescribed by physicians for chronic health conditions
Sustainable agriculture involves farming methods that______.
do not harm the environment do not deplete natural resource
A poor diet and physical inactivity will increase your risk of______.
dying prematurely
The term that describes farming methods that do not deplete natural resources or harm the environment is
farming, or sustainability
Which two nutrients provide no usable calories for the body?
minerals and vitamins
is the scientific study of nutrients, chemicals necessary for proper body functioning and how the body used them
Nutrition
Production of structural components, such as cell membranes, and functional components, such as enzymes
Proteins
Carbohydrates, proteins, lipids, vitamins, minerals, and water are all______.
classes of nutrients
True or false: Expending more calories than consumed will result in a weight gain.
false
By making certain dietary changes (such as decreasing fat intake), a person may _____.
forestall the development of certain diseases lessen the severity of a disease
Phytochemicals are found in ______ and provide significant health benefits.
fruits and vegetables
The leading cause of death to Americans is______.
heart disease
Poor eating habits contribute to the leading causes of death to Americans. The top two leading causes of death to Americans are _____.
heart disease cancer
two of the ten leading cause by death
heart disease some type of cancer stroke and type 2 diabetes
What does the scientific study of nutrition include?
how the body uses nutrients the chemicals necessary for body functioning nutrients
A plant chemical that is not considered a nutrient but may provide health benefits is called a
phytochemical
The substance found in many plants that is not considered a nutrient but has many healthful benefits is called a
phytochemical
Most foods contain a mixture of _____.
protein fat carbohydrate
which of the following statements are technically accurate?
1 kilocalorie = 1000 calories 1 kilocalorie = 1 Calorie
Which statements are true when comparing nutrient composition in the bodies of men and women?
Women have less water and protein and more fat.
The study of the composition and characteristics of matter and changes that can happen to it is called
chemisrty
Which circumstances increase a person's chances of undernutrition in the United States?
chronic alcoholism living in poverty anorexia nervosa
What is the term for a compound made by plants but not considered a nutrient?
phytochemical
Many ______ are antioxidants that may reduce risks of heart disease and certain cancers.
phytochemicals
True or false: Nuts are an example of a food that is energy dense but does not contain empty calories.
true
Nutrition-related factors that contribute to many worldwide deaths in children under 5 years include _____.
undernutrition vitamin deficiencies
What is produced when a wheat kernel is stripped of its nutrient-rich germ and bran?
white flour
To achieve nutritional adequacy one should consume a variety of foods from the following food groups.
whole grains fruits and vegetables
Healthy People 2030 for Nutrition and Weight Status.
Increase the variety and intake of vegetables among people who are 2 years of age and older Reduce the proportion of obese children and adolescents Reduce the proportion of adults who are obese
Source of energy (fat) Cellular development, -necessary for the absorption of certain vitamins
Lipids
How is a disease classified when a disease takes many years to develop and has complex causes?
chronic
True or false: On a food label, a Calorie is really a kilocalorie. Hint - Note the capital "C" in the term Calorie.
True
meter
lenght
Regulation of body processes, including fluid balance and metabolism; formation of certain chemical messengers; structural and functional components of various substances and tissues; physical growth, maintenance, and development
Minerals
Increasing the number of adults who are at a healthy weight, reducing the number of children who are obese, and increasing the calcium intake for people who are 2 years of age or older are all objectives of______.
Healthy People 2030
primary role is to provide most forms of energy
Carbohydrates
What occurs when an essential nutrient is missing from the diet?
Deficiency disease will occur.
your usual pattern of food choices came increasingly under your control
Diet
DSHEA
Dietary Supplement Health and Education Act-a dietary supplement is a product (excluding tobacco) that contains a vitamin, a mineral, an herb or other plant product, an amino acid, or a dietary substance that supplements the diet by increasing total intake.
Which classes of nutrients provide the body with energy?
carbohydrates proteins lipids
If you are 60 inches tall, what is your height in centimeters?
centi=2.54 60x2.54=152.4 cm
The information we know about the relationship between diet and health is _____.
constantly evolving
Americans with low incomes and individuals suffering from anorexia nervosa and chronic alcoholism are at increased risk of
undernutrition
Which nutrient comprises the largest percentage of the body of a healthy man or woman?
water
It is difficult to keep up with new information on nutrition science, often confusing the public, because______.
we expect medical experts to have definitive answers that do not change -what we learn is constantly evolving -recommendations undergo revisions when new evidence is revealed
about alcohol that are true.
Alcohol provides energy. Pure alcohol furnishes about 7 kcal/gram. Alcohol is not a nutrient.
The sum of all the chemical processes that provide energy for the body to perform work is termed _____.
Metabolism
The amount of a nutrient that allows the body to function optimally is called the
physiological dose
What term describes the amount of a nutrient that is within the range of safe intake and enables the body to function optimally?
physiological dose
Choose products that would be considered a dietary supplement.
mineral vitamin amino acid
is the scientific study of nutrients and how the body uses them
nutrition
Choose the chronic diseases in which dietary factors contribute to the disease's development.
stroke kidney disease cancer Alzheimer's disease
True or false: Vitamins provide usable calories for the body.
False
Which statements are true when comparing nutrient composition in the bodies of men and women? Think about the differences in composition in men and women to help you answer this question
They have similar amounts of carbohydrates, minerals, and vitamins.
Regulation of body processes, including cell metabolism Maintenance of immune function, production and maintenance of tissues, and protection against agents that can damage cellular components
Vitamins
Which of the following nutrients function by regulating body processes and providing energy for the body?
proteins lipids
The endosperm is mostly _____.
starch
The term used to describe farming methods that meet the demand for more food without depleting natural resources and harming the environment is called_____agriculture
sustainable
What diseases are affected by nutrition?
Malnutrition, obesity, eating disorders, cardiovascular disease, hypertension, cancer, and diabetes.
True or false: Most foods are predominantly one nutrient.
False
the purpose of UNICEF is to ______.
provide high-quality food for undernourished populations
Some strategies to reduce poverty and hunger include _____.
providing food aid learning more efficient ways to grow food
true about essential nutrients.
Essential nutrients must be supplied by food. The body does not make enough of the nutrient to meet the body's needs or does not make the nutrient
water
Maintenance of fluid balance, regulation of body temperature, elimination of wastes, and transportation of substances Participant in many chemical reactions