Ch11 - Creativity, Innovation, and Leadership-m

Financial vice president Josie needs a creative idea. She might try jogging because

Physical exercise pumps more blood and oxygen into the brain.

3) incubation

keep information in mind for a while, appear not to work on a problem, but still engaged( in mind).

What are the 5 steps in the creative process?

opportunity or problem recognition; immersion; incubation; insight; & verification and application

4)insight

solution flashes into person's mind at an unexpected time, like sleep, during a shower

A recommended starting point in establishing a climate for creative thinking is to

Establish a vision and mission that include creativity

A particularly robust strategy for enhancing creativity is to

Hire people who are already creative

Cognitive Characteristic

Intellectual abilities comprise such abilities as general intelligence and abstract reasoning.

A worker has the experience of flow when he or she

Is totally absorbed in the task at hand

A finding about the insight step of creative thinking is that the flash of insight

Is usually based on previous ideas

An intellectual characteristic of creative people is that they

Maintain a youthful curiosity throughout their lives

Personality Characteristic

Non-cognitive aspects of an individual heavily influence creative problem solving. Creative people tend to have a positive self-image without being blindly self-confident. But because they are reasonably self-confident, they are able to cope with criticism of their ideas, and they can tolerate the isolation necessary for developing ideas.

With respect to innovation, Procter & Gamble is noted for

Obtaining widespread participation in gathering new ideas

_________ is the creation of a valuable, useful new product, service, idea, procedure, or process by individuals working together in a complex social system.

Organizational Creativity

A study of leader-member exchanges and creativity among research and development specialists indicated that leader-member exchanges were

Positively associated with creativity

Managing Creative Workers:

Provide excellent tools and resources, give creative people flexibility, turn down ideas gently, and employ creative people to manage and evaluate creative workers.

Traditional Thinking

Refers to a standard and frequent way of finding a solution to a problem. Creative problem solving requires an ability to overcome this.

Loose-tight leadership in relation to creativity refers to

Spending freely on some projects and cutting costs on others

2) staying alert to opportunities

Spot opportunities , associate with entrepreneurial leadership Exp Starbucks see his idea in Italy and broth to USA

During the insight step of creative thinking, the person

Suddenly experiences the problem-conquering solution

In relation to creativity, the formula B = f (P x E) implies that

The right environment is necessary to trigger creative behavior

A dominant characteristic of creative workers is a passion for

Their work

You and the other members of your business unit are participating in the pet-peeve technique, so you

Think up complaints that others might have about your unit

6) engaging in appropriate physical exercise

Aerobic workout trigger the brain to work creatively

Experience of the Flow Characteristic

An experience so engrossing and enjoyable that the task becomes worth doing for its own sake, regardless of the external consequences.

Knowledge Characteristic

Creative problem solving requires a broad background of information, including facts and observations. It provides the building blocks for generating and combining ideas.

________ refers to the creation of new ideas and their implementation.

Innovation

A creative idea is considered to be innovative when the idea

Is put into action

4) maintain and use a systematic place for recording your ideas

Separate notebook or separate files and keep to copies of the ideas

Multiunit organizations sometimes enhance creativity by

Sharing ideas across divisions

With respect to creativity, the maverick is thought to be

The center of creativity

Innovation

The process of creating new ideas and their implementation.

Creativity

The production of novel and useful ideas.

Canon Inc. has found that a key to creating new products is for

The production team to work physically close to product developers

3)maintain an enthusiastic attitude, including being happy

To be judicial and being imaginative , so to review proposed expenditures and inspecting products , to be imaginative - searching. For creative alternatives.

With respect to coming up with a creative idea

You need to try a large number of ideas

2) immersion

deeply engaged , concentrate on a problem, collect inform that seems relevant

5) paying the roles explorer, artist , judge, and lawyer

expand ideas at work , -speak with people in different field -try to spend about 3% of a day asking what -if question -evaluate them ,and be critical - negotiate and find ways to implement them, takes the most time

maverick personality

focus of creativity in a company, driven to accomplish things anonymously, to be done , don't care about office politics, they often join another firm or start business

5) verification and application

gathering supporting evidence , using logical persuasion, experiment with new ideas.

cognitive abilities

high intelligent, intellectually curious, think divergently (differing- rozbieznie)-expand the numbers of alternatives to a problem and choose the best one, they are bright not necessary on the top

Brainstorming:

Creative thinking that is enhanced by systematically collecting fresh ideas and goals. A variation of brainstorming is extreme thinking.

_______ is the production of novel and useful ideas.

Creativity

The purpose of a kitchen for the mind is to

Establish a space designed to nurture creativity

The lawyer role in "Be an explorer, artist, judge, and lawyer" is to

Find ways to implement your ideas

A common thread to creativity-enhancing exercises is that they require

Flexible thinking

Research suggests workers are more likely to have a breakthrough idea when they are

Happy the day before

The purpose of extreme thinking in brainstorming is to come up with ideas so outrageous that they

Could get the group fired

Self-help techniques to enhance creative problem solving:

1. practicing creativity-enhancing exercises, 2. staying alert to opportunities, 3. maintaining enthusiasm and being happy, 4. maintaining and using a systematic place for recording ideas, 5. playing the roles of explorer, artist, judge, and lawyer, and 6. engaging in appropriate physical exercise.

Pet Peeve Technique

A method of brainstorming in which a group identifies all the possible complaints others might have about the group's organizational unit.

Kitchen for the Mind

A space designed to nurture creativity.

Distinguishing Characteristics of Creative People:

knowledge, cognitive abilities, personality, passion for the task, and the experience of flow.

What are the four characteristics of creative leaders?

knowledge; cognitive abilities; personality; & passion for the task and the experience of flow

1)opportunity or problem recognition

person discover that a new opportunity exists or a problem need to be resolve

To become more creative, it is important to

Overcome traditional thinking

Methods of managing creative workers

- give tools and resources to stand out -give flexibility and min. Amount of structure -give gentle feedback when turning down an idea - employ creative people to manage and evaluate creative workers

Different method of innovation

- take a risk, collaboration among employees, loose-tight leadership( absurd ideas without penalty to be wrong

Passion for the Task Characteristic

People will be at their creative best when they feel motivated primarily by the interest, satisfaction, and challenge of the work itself—and not by external pressures.

What are four methods for an organization to enhance creativity?

-systematically collecting fresh ideas;( engage staff to marketing, meetings to seek ideas) - brainstorming;( some info about topic, so generate quantity, avoid criticism, combine and improve on previous ideas, so that spontaneity is encouraged. -using the pet-peeve technique; all possible complaints others, lake inside customers and outside, competitors, suppliers, it is informal by computer, session electronically by questions, self -criticism - equipping a kitchen for the mind; a space designed to nurture creativity to help people loosen up intellectually and emotionally.

Self- help techniques for creativity improvement

1)Practicing creativity -enhancing activity; flexible thinking, to do something different, puzzle, second language

What are 3 managerial practices that enhances creativity?

1. Giving workers assignments that stretch their intellectual capability 2. Supplying groups with the time and money they need to accomplish the task. 3. Designing work groups with a diversity of backgrounds and perspectives

What are 3 practices that are likely to be helpful in managing creative people?

1. Having creative people manage and evaluate creative workers 2. Providing ongoing recognition and appreciation to creative workers 3. Being liberal in giving workers the resources they need

What are 3 leadership practices to enhance innovation

1. Take risks and encourage risk taking 2. Acquire innovative companies 3. Encourage innovation for its own sake

Additional Leadership Initiatives that Enhance Innovation:

1. emphasize transformational leadership; 2. continually pursue innovation; 3. take risks and encourage risk taking; 4. emphasize collaboration; 5. avoid innovation for its own sake; 6. use loose-tight leadership; 7. integrate development and production; 8. recognize hidden opportunities in flops.

Establishing a climate conducive to creative problem solving:

1. hire creative people from the outside and identify creative people from within, 2. provide intellectual challenge, 3. empower workers and allow them freedom to choose their own method, 4. supply the right resources, 5. design work groups effectively, 6. have supervisors encourage creative workers, 7. give organizational support for creativity and explain how innovation improves performance, 8. have favorable exchanges with creative workers, and give financial rewards for innovation.

Creative Process

1. opportunity or problem recognition; 2. immersion (the individual becomes immersed in the idea); 3. incubation (the idea simmers); 4. insight (a solution surfaces); and 5. verification and application (the person supports and implements the idea).

formula of human behavior

B= f( P x E), function of a person interacting with the environment

Middle manager Bob establishes idea quotas for his organizational unit, meaning that workers will be asked to

Bring fresh ideas to meetings

Nine practices for creativity

-hire creative people from outside and from within -intellectual challenge; to give the right amount of challenge -empowerment and choose the method by people - ample supply of the right resources; time and money, so setting time deadline can create disgrace and burnout -effective design of work group, people with a right chemistry 2 people or everybody fitted in to one room - supervisory encouragement and linking innovation to performance tolerance atmosphere - organizational support, reward program, recognition, and fanatical incentives - have favorable exchanges with creative workers, positive relationships with their manger - give financial rewards for innovation , financial reward

personality& passion

-nonconformist- not need strong approval from the group self- confidence, thrill- seeking, energetic, persistent -passion: to have intrinsic motivation by interest, satisfaction ,and challenge of the work/ experience of flow

knowledge

to create you need a broad background of information, wide range of information