CH.13 SUBSTANCE USE AND MISUSE

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0.6 ounces

A standard drink contains about ________ of alcohol.

cocaine

A young adult is least likely to use which of the following?

twice as much

Clove cigarettes have _______ tar, nicotine, and carbon monoxide as tobacco cigarettes.

15

Compared to those who do not have an alcohol use disorder, the average life span of someone with an alcohol use disorder is _____ years shorter.

carries an increased risk of oral cancer.

Spit tobacco use

0.08%.

The legal limit for blood alcohol concentration (BAC) is

drug withdrawal.

The physical and psychological symptoms that are the result of the interrupted use of a drug is referred to as

nicotine.

The predominant psychoactive drug in tobacco is

children

Which age group is most affected by exposure to ETS?

being an independent thinker

Which of the following is not a characteristic that places people at a higher risk for trying illicit drugs?

They have a very low rate of suicide.

Which of the following statements about compulsive gamblers is false?

having a self-image as a problem drinker

Which problem are binge drinkers least likely to encounter?

fetal alcohol syndrome (FAS)

a characteristic group of birth defects caused by excessive alcohol consumption by the mother, including facial deformities, heart defects, and physical and mental impairments

drug

a chemical substance that affects the processes of the mind or body

addiction

a chronic disease that disrupts the brain's system of motivation and reward, characterized by a compulsive desire and increasing need for a substance or behavior, and by harm to the individual and/or society

alcohol use disorder

a chronic psychological disorder characterized by excessive and compulsive drinking, and measured as mild, moderate, or severe

cirrhosis

a disease in which the liver is severely damaged by alcohol, other toxins, or infection

psychoactive drug

a drug that can alter a person's consciousness, perception, mood, or behavior

nicotine

a poisonous, addictive substance found in tobacco and responsible for many of the effects of tobacco

intoxication

a state in which a person's normal functioning is impaired, usually by alcohol or drugs

DTs (delirium tremens)

a state of confusion brought on by the reduction of alcohol intake in an alcohol addicted person; other symptoms are sweating, trembling, anxiety, hallucinations, and seizures

addictive behavior

compulsive behavior that is both rewarding and reinforcing and is often pursued to the marginalization or exclusion of other activities and responsibilities

dependence

frequent or consistent use of a drug or behavior that makes it difficult for the person to get along without it; the result of physiological and/or psychological adaptation that occurs in response to the substance or behavior; typically associated with tolerance and withdrawal but can also be based solely on behavioral factors such as compulsive use

15 years shorter

how does the average life span of an alcohol misuser compare to that of moderate drinkers?

1/2 of a beer or drink

how much alcohol can the body metabolize in one hour?

tolerance

lowered sensitivity to a drug so that a given dose no longer exerts the usual effect and larger doses are needed

binge drinking

periodically drinking alcohol to the point of severe intoxication

withdrawal

physical and psychological symptoms that follow the interrupted use of a drug on which a user is physically dependent; symptoms may be mild or life threatening

sidestream smoke

smoke that enters the atmosphere from the burning end of a cigarette, cigar, or pipe

environmental tobacco smoke (ETS)

smoke that enters the atmosphere from the burning end of a cigarette, cigar, or pipe, as well as smoke that is exhaled by smokers; also called secondhand smoke

one drink

the amount of a beverage that typically contains about .6 ounce of alcohol; also called a standard drink

blood alcohol concentration (BAC)

the amount of alcohol in the blood in terms of weight per unit volume; used as a measure of intoxication

ethyl alcohol

the intoxicating ingredient in fermented liquors; a colorless, pungent liquid

mainstream smoke

the smoke that is inhaled and then exhaled into the atmosphere

alcohol misuse

the use of alcohol to a degree that causes physical damage, impairs functioning, or results in behavior harmful to others

substance misuse

the use of any substance in a manner inconsistent with legal or medical guidelines; may be associated with adverse social, psychological, or medical consequences; the use may be intermittent and with or without physical dependence

proof value

two times the percentage of alcohol in a beverage, measured by volume; a 100-proof beverage contains 50% alcohol

being an independent thinker

which of the following is not a characteristic that places people at a higher risk for trying illicit drugs?

tolerance

which term refers to the need for more of a substance to get the same desired effect?


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