CH.13 SUBSTANCE USE AND MISUSE
0.6 ounces
A standard drink contains about ________ of alcohol.
cocaine
A young adult is least likely to use which of the following?
twice as much
Clove cigarettes have _______ tar, nicotine, and carbon monoxide as tobacco cigarettes.
15
Compared to those who do not have an alcohol use disorder, the average life span of someone with an alcohol use disorder is _____ years shorter.
carries an increased risk of oral cancer.
Spit tobacco use
0.08%.
The legal limit for blood alcohol concentration (BAC) is
drug withdrawal.
The physical and psychological symptoms that are the result of the interrupted use of a drug is referred to as
nicotine.
The predominant psychoactive drug in tobacco is
children
Which age group is most affected by exposure to ETS?
being an independent thinker
Which of the following is not a characteristic that places people at a higher risk for trying illicit drugs?
They have a very low rate of suicide.
Which of the following statements about compulsive gamblers is false?
having a self-image as a problem drinker
Which problem are binge drinkers least likely to encounter?
fetal alcohol syndrome (FAS)
a characteristic group of birth defects caused by excessive alcohol consumption by the mother, including facial deformities, heart defects, and physical and mental impairments
drug
a chemical substance that affects the processes of the mind or body
addiction
a chronic disease that disrupts the brain's system of motivation and reward, characterized by a compulsive desire and increasing need for a substance or behavior, and by harm to the individual and/or society
alcohol use disorder
a chronic psychological disorder characterized by excessive and compulsive drinking, and measured as mild, moderate, or severe
cirrhosis
a disease in which the liver is severely damaged by alcohol, other toxins, or infection
psychoactive drug
a drug that can alter a person's consciousness, perception, mood, or behavior
nicotine
a poisonous, addictive substance found in tobacco and responsible for many of the effects of tobacco
intoxication
a state in which a person's normal functioning is impaired, usually by alcohol or drugs
DTs (delirium tremens)
a state of confusion brought on by the reduction of alcohol intake in an alcohol addicted person; other symptoms are sweating, trembling, anxiety, hallucinations, and seizures
addictive behavior
compulsive behavior that is both rewarding and reinforcing and is often pursued to the marginalization or exclusion of other activities and responsibilities
dependence
frequent or consistent use of a drug or behavior that makes it difficult for the person to get along without it; the result of physiological and/or psychological adaptation that occurs in response to the substance or behavior; typically associated with tolerance and withdrawal but can also be based solely on behavioral factors such as compulsive use
15 years shorter
how does the average life span of an alcohol misuser compare to that of moderate drinkers?
1/2 of a beer or drink
how much alcohol can the body metabolize in one hour?
tolerance
lowered sensitivity to a drug so that a given dose no longer exerts the usual effect and larger doses are needed
binge drinking
periodically drinking alcohol to the point of severe intoxication
withdrawal
physical and psychological symptoms that follow the interrupted use of a drug on which a user is physically dependent; symptoms may be mild or life threatening
sidestream smoke
smoke that enters the atmosphere from the burning end of a cigarette, cigar, or pipe
environmental tobacco smoke (ETS)
smoke that enters the atmosphere from the burning end of a cigarette, cigar, or pipe, as well as smoke that is exhaled by smokers; also called secondhand smoke
one drink
the amount of a beverage that typically contains about .6 ounce of alcohol; also called a standard drink
blood alcohol concentration (BAC)
the amount of alcohol in the blood in terms of weight per unit volume; used as a measure of intoxication
ethyl alcohol
the intoxicating ingredient in fermented liquors; a colorless, pungent liquid
mainstream smoke
the smoke that is inhaled and then exhaled into the atmosphere
alcohol misuse
the use of alcohol to a degree that causes physical damage, impairs functioning, or results in behavior harmful to others
substance misuse
the use of any substance in a manner inconsistent with legal or medical guidelines; may be associated with adverse social, psychological, or medical consequences; the use may be intermittent and with or without physical dependence
proof value
two times the percentage of alcohol in a beverage, measured by volume; a 100-proof beverage contains 50% alcohol
being an independent thinker
which of the following is not a characteristic that places people at a higher risk for trying illicit drugs?
tolerance
which term refers to the need for more of a substance to get the same desired effect?
