Ch.26 Protist Practice Quiz

Euglenoids and trypanosomes have flagella that are unique because they contain a _______________ _____. Like other excavates, these organisms also have ___________ ____________

crystalline rod and atypical mitochondria

many protist are ________, but some protist form ________ relationships with other, unrelated organisms

free-living and symbiotic

what is this? unicellular colonial simple multicellular organims eukaryotic

protists

Amoebas glide along surfaces when their cytoplasm flow into extensions called _______, meaning "false feet"

pseudopodia

Two extracts of commercial value prepared from red algae are ______, a polysaccharide which can be used to make media for culture plates, and _______, another polysaccharide which is used as ice cream and cholate milk

agar and carrageenan

Brown algae spend part of their life as multicellular haploid organisms and part as multicellular diploid organisms. This type of a life cycle is an example of _________

alternation of generations

a typical dinoflagellate has two ______ and alveoli containing _____ plates

flagella and cellulose

diplomonads are characterized as having one or two nuclei, no _______ and up to either ________

functional mitochondria and flagella

the sexual stage of the Plasmodium life cycle occurs in

mosquitos

Some red algae incorporate calcium carbonate into their cell walls and are called_________

coralline algae

some protist are _______ consisting of a multinucleate mass of cytoplasm

coenocytes

apicomplexans have a specialized _____ that is used to attach to its host cell

apical complex

The parasite that causes malaria is in the group

apicomplexa

Parasitic alveolates that form infective cells at some stage in their life belong to which group?

apicomplexans

Because they have an extremely flexible outer membrane, amoebas have a ______ body form

asymmetrical

Kelps are ________with multicellular bodies differentiated into blades, stripes, holdfasts, and gas-filled floats

brown algae

are unikonts reprouce using spores are classified as amoebozoa form a slug when conditions are not optimal

cellular slime molds

live as independent cells when environmental conditions are good form a slug when cells aggregate in response to certain chemicals

cellular slime molds

the dead bodies of foraminiferans are eventually transformed into a _______ sediment

chalky

a protozoan whose cells bear a striking resemblance to specialized cells in sponges is the

choanoflagellate

"cross-fertilization" occurs among many ciliates during the sexual reproduction process known as ______

conjugation

Paramecium and other ciliates often display a sexual phenomenon called

conjugation

molecular evidence supports the view that chloroplast evolved from an ancient

cyanobacterium

when diatoms die, their shells accumulate over time, forming sediment called_____ when it becomes exposed on land

diatomaceous earth

photosynthetic protist with shells composed of two halves that fit together

diatoms

Mitochondria are thought to have been derived from:

endosymbionts aerobic bacteria

The parasitic species _______ causes amoebic dysentery

entamoeba

Protist are included in domain _______ which means that protist have a _______

eukaryotes nucleus

what is this? are often endosymbionts obtain energy through fermentation are flagellated

excavates

dinoflagellates that live in the bodies of marine invertebrates are called ______. Using photosynthesis they produce ______ for the invertebrate hosts. These dinoflagellates are particularly important to the survival of _____ found in tropical shallow waters

zooxanthellae, carbohydrates, and coral reefs

Eukaryotes may have appeared in the fossil record _____ billion years ago

2.2

Protist can be found in the supergroup

Chromalveolates Rhizarians

What is the genus are flagellated possess chlorophyll are autotrophic

Eulgena

cellular slime molds have close affinities to two other organisms _______ and ________

amoebas and plasmodial slime molds

true or false protist are prokaryotic

flase

unifying features of alveolates include similar ribosomal DNA sequences and alveoli which are _______ located just inside the plasma membrane

flattened vesicles

secrete many-chambered tests with pores through which cytoplasmic extensions project

foraminiferans

______ is a major cause of water-borne diarrhea throughout the world

giardia

The pigments, energy reserve products, and cell walls found in land plants are characteristics of

green algae

Most multicellular red algae attach to surfaces by means of a structure called the ________

holdfast

Green algae have pigments, energy reserve products, and cell walls that are chemically identical to those found in______

land plants

apicomplexans lack specific structures such as flagella which are necessary for _____ and instead flex

locomotion

is caused by an apicomplexan that spends part of its life cycle in the Anopheles mosquito and part in humans

malaria

almost all foraminiferans live in a ________ environment

marine

Ciliates are distinct in having one or more small _____function during the sexual process and a larger _____ that regulates other cell functions

micronuclei and micronucleus

unlike other protist, excavates have atypical, greatly modified__________

mitochondria

a symbiotic relationship in which both "partners" benefit is known as

mutualism

excavates are so named because many have a deep or excavated

oral groove

all together, protist forms a ______ group, as they are not all of the descendants of the common eukaryotic ancestor. However, eukaryotes are divided into supergroup that are _____, because each supergroup shares a more recent common ancestor

paraphyletic and monophyletic

about one-third of all euglenoids are_______

photosynthetic

diatoms may live on rocks or sediments but they are also part of the ______ community

phytoplankton

an apicomplexan in the genus _____ can enter human RBCs and cause malaria

plasmodium

Unikonts are a supergroup of organisms that share the characteristics of having flagellated cells with a ________ although some extant members have lost this feature

posterior flagellum

Protist have several means of locomotion including cytoplasmic extensions called ________, flexing, gliding over the substrate, or using _____ or _____________

pseudopodia flagella cilia/flagella

the group archaeplastids include that _______ and the _______ as well as the ________ which are in a separate kingdom

red algae, green algae, and land plants

caused by a toxin produced by an endosymbiotic bacteria in dinoflagellates is responsible for large fish kills occurs in nutrient-rich, warm waters

red tide

Pseudopodia that are loose will be _______ and _______ as opposed to long and slender

rounded and wide

Brown algae is the largest and most complex of all algae commonly called ________

seaweeds

In the _____ hypothesis, eukaryotic organelles such as mitochondria and chloroplast arose from a symbiotic relationship between larger cells and smaller prokaryotes that were incorporated and lived in them

serial endosymbiosis

diatoms are mostly single-celled, with ______ impregnated in the cell walls that form the shell

silica

Plasmodial slime molds form intricate stalked reproductive structures called ______, within which meiosis occurs

sporangia

trichonymlphs live in the guts of _______

termites

Rhizarians often have a hard outer shell which is also called a _________

test

multicellular green algae do not have cells differentiated into _________ which is a feature that separates them from green plants

tissues

the genus of the parasitic flagellate that causes African sleeping sickness is ________

trypanosoma

Bikonts are characterized as having __________

two flagella

most provost have a body plan that is _____, and some form _______

unicellular colonies