Ch.26 Protist Practice Quiz
Euglenoids and trypanosomes have flagella that are unique because they contain a _______________ _____. Like other excavates, these organisms also have ___________ ____________
crystalline rod and atypical mitochondria
many protist are ________, but some protist form ________ relationships with other, unrelated organisms
free-living and symbiotic
what is this? unicellular colonial simple multicellular organims eukaryotic
protists
Amoebas glide along surfaces when their cytoplasm flow into extensions called _______, meaning "false feet"
pseudopodia
Two extracts of commercial value prepared from red algae are ______, a polysaccharide which can be used to make media for culture plates, and _______, another polysaccharide which is used as ice cream and cholate milk
agar and carrageenan
Brown algae spend part of their life as multicellular haploid organisms and part as multicellular diploid organisms. This type of a life cycle is an example of _________
alternation of generations
a typical dinoflagellate has two ______ and alveoli containing _____ plates
flagella and cellulose
diplomonads are characterized as having one or two nuclei, no _______ and up to either ________
functional mitochondria and flagella
the sexual stage of the Plasmodium life cycle occurs in
mosquitos
Some red algae incorporate calcium carbonate into their cell walls and are called_________
coralline algae
some protist are _______ consisting of a multinucleate mass of cytoplasm
coenocytes
apicomplexans have a specialized _____ that is used to attach to its host cell
apical complex
The parasite that causes malaria is in the group
apicomplexa
Parasitic alveolates that form infective cells at some stage in their life belong to which group?
apicomplexans
Because they have an extremely flexible outer membrane, amoebas have a ______ body form
asymmetrical
Kelps are ________with multicellular bodies differentiated into blades, stripes, holdfasts, and gas-filled floats
brown algae
are unikonts reprouce using spores are classified as amoebozoa form a slug when conditions are not optimal
cellular slime molds
live as independent cells when environmental conditions are good form a slug when cells aggregate in response to certain chemicals
cellular slime molds
the dead bodies of foraminiferans are eventually transformed into a _______ sediment
chalky
a protozoan whose cells bear a striking resemblance to specialized cells in sponges is the
choanoflagellate
"cross-fertilization" occurs among many ciliates during the sexual reproduction process known as ______
conjugation
Paramecium and other ciliates often display a sexual phenomenon called
conjugation
molecular evidence supports the view that chloroplast evolved from an ancient
cyanobacterium
when diatoms die, their shells accumulate over time, forming sediment called_____ when it becomes exposed on land
diatomaceous earth
photosynthetic protist with shells composed of two halves that fit together
diatoms
Mitochondria are thought to have been derived from:
endosymbionts aerobic bacteria
The parasitic species _______ causes amoebic dysentery
entamoeba
Protist are included in domain _______ which means that protist have a _______
eukaryotes nucleus
what is this? are often endosymbionts obtain energy through fermentation are flagellated
excavates
dinoflagellates that live in the bodies of marine invertebrates are called ______. Using photosynthesis they produce ______ for the invertebrate hosts. These dinoflagellates are particularly important to the survival of _____ found in tropical shallow waters
zooxanthellae, carbohydrates, and coral reefs
Eukaryotes may have appeared in the fossil record _____ billion years ago
2.2
Protist can be found in the supergroup
Chromalveolates Rhizarians
What is the genus are flagellated possess chlorophyll are autotrophic
Eulgena
cellular slime molds have close affinities to two other organisms _______ and ________
amoebas and plasmodial slime molds
true or false protist are prokaryotic
flase
unifying features of alveolates include similar ribosomal DNA sequences and alveoli which are _______ located just inside the plasma membrane
flattened vesicles
secrete many-chambered tests with pores through which cytoplasmic extensions project
foraminiferans
______ is a major cause of water-borne diarrhea throughout the world
giardia
The pigments, energy reserve products, and cell walls found in land plants are characteristics of
green algae
Most multicellular red algae attach to surfaces by means of a structure called the ________
holdfast
Green algae have pigments, energy reserve products, and cell walls that are chemically identical to those found in______
land plants
apicomplexans lack specific structures such as flagella which are necessary for _____ and instead flex
locomotion
is caused by an apicomplexan that spends part of its life cycle in the Anopheles mosquito and part in humans
malaria
almost all foraminiferans live in a ________ environment
marine
Ciliates are distinct in having one or more small _____function during the sexual process and a larger _____ that regulates other cell functions
micronuclei and micronucleus
unlike other protist, excavates have atypical, greatly modified__________
mitochondria
a symbiotic relationship in which both "partners" benefit is known as
mutualism
excavates are so named because many have a deep or excavated
oral groove
all together, protist forms a ______ group, as they are not all of the descendants of the common eukaryotic ancestor. However, eukaryotes are divided into supergroup that are _____, because each supergroup shares a more recent common ancestor
paraphyletic and monophyletic
about one-third of all euglenoids are_______
photosynthetic
diatoms may live on rocks or sediments but they are also part of the ______ community
phytoplankton
an apicomplexan in the genus _____ can enter human RBCs and cause malaria
plasmodium
Unikonts are a supergroup of organisms that share the characteristics of having flagellated cells with a ________ although some extant members have lost this feature
posterior flagellum
Protist have several means of locomotion including cytoplasmic extensions called ________, flexing, gliding over the substrate, or using _____ or _____________
pseudopodia flagella cilia/flagella
the group archaeplastids include that _______ and the _______ as well as the ________ which are in a separate kingdom
red algae, green algae, and land plants
caused by a toxin produced by an endosymbiotic bacteria in dinoflagellates is responsible for large fish kills occurs in nutrient-rich, warm waters
red tide
Pseudopodia that are loose will be _______ and _______ as opposed to long and slender
rounded and wide
Brown algae is the largest and most complex of all algae commonly called ________
seaweeds
In the _____ hypothesis, eukaryotic organelles such as mitochondria and chloroplast arose from a symbiotic relationship between larger cells and smaller prokaryotes that were incorporated and lived in them
serial endosymbiosis
diatoms are mostly single-celled, with ______ impregnated in the cell walls that form the shell
silica
Plasmodial slime molds form intricate stalked reproductive structures called ______, within which meiosis occurs
sporangia
trichonymlphs live in the guts of _______
termites
Rhizarians often have a hard outer shell which is also called a _________
test
multicellular green algae do not have cells differentiated into _________ which is a feature that separates them from green plants
tissues
the genus of the parasitic flagellate that causes African sleeping sickness is ________
trypanosoma
Bikonts are characterized as having __________
two flagella
most provost have a body plan that is _____, and some form _______
unicellular colonies