ch9 sociology

What is the group that displays no physical distinctions from Japanese citizens but is believed by the Japanese to be a descendant of a less-human race than the Japanese nation as a whole?

Burakumin

Comte de Buffon's classification schemes assumed that anyone who differed from the following group was abnormal:

European

Which act formalized the exclusive definition of whiteness by imposing immigration restrictions based on a national origins quota system that limited the yearly number of immigrants from each country?

Immigration Act of 1924

In one study of television portrayals of Arabs, researchers found basic myths that continue to surround this group. Which of the following is NOT one of these myths?

They do not assimilate.

The one-drop rule asserts that just "one drop" of black blood makes:

a person black.

Which term refers to the more overt form of resistance through a movement such as revolution or genocide or through nonviolent protest?

collective resistance

Which group, led by Sir Francis Galton, believed that negative traits such as criminality were passed through bloodlines and could be bred out?

eugenicist

Ontological equality is the notion that:

everyone is created equal by divine design.

Which term refers to the mass killing of a particular population?

genocide

Based on measurements of skull bumps, Blumenbach came up with five principal varieties of:

humans

Miscegenation refers to:

interracial marriage

Swiss theologian Johann Caspar Lavater suggested that outside appearances were connected to inner virtues. According to him, which of the following features signified higher intellect and more worthy character?

light skin and small features

Mexicans are generally classified as a physical type that combines Native American and European traits and referred to as:

mestizos.

The majority of the Latinos in the United States come from:

mexico

Which group believed that humans were one species, united under God?

monogenists

Which group did Darwin side with, claiming that the notion of different species of humans was absurd?

monogenists

Reverend Samuel Stanhope Smith's proposal that skin color should be viewed as a product of climate and therefore not correlated to inner virtues (e.g., intelligence, character, personality) suggests that he felt:

people are all the same beneath the skin

Which group believed that different races were distinct species?

polygenists

Thoughts and feelings (usually negative) about an ethnic or racial group are referred to as:

prejudice

Muslims in America have undergone what scholars refer to as the formation of a new racial identity in which new ideological boundaries of difference are drawn around a formerly unnoticed group of people, known as:

racialization.

Which term refers to the belief that members of separate races possess different and unequal traits?

racism

In the nineteenth century, theories of race moved from religious-based racism to:

scientific racism

The legal or social practice of separating people on the basis of their race or ethnicity is referred to as:

segregation

The Supreme Court's landmark 1954 decision in Brown v. Board of Education struck down what doctrine?

separate but equal

Robert Park's model explains the universally progressive pattern in which immigrants arrive, settle in, and achieve full assimilation in a newly homogeneous country. His model is called:

straight-line assimilation.

Social Darwinism was the evolutionary notion of:

survival of the fittest

Because the German Nazis could not find a reliable marker to identify Jews, the Jews were forced to:

wear a yellow Star of David.

Eugenics literally means:

well-born