Chap 19 learning assignment

If a person has a blood pressure of 120/90, his mean arterial pressure would be ________ mm Hg.

100

RBC's move single file through the structure

Capillary

After losing 25 percent of blood volume in a motorcycle accident, which of the following compensatory responses would not occur

Circulatory shock

Capillaries that contain pores that penetrate the endothelial cells are called

Fenestrated

Angiogenesis refers to

Growth of new blood vessels from preexisting vessels

Arterioles_______

Have a poorly defined tunica externa

The superior vena cava collect blood from the

Head, chest, upper limbs

Name the immediate and long-term problems related to hemorrhage

Is maintaining adequate blood pressure and peripheral blood flow. Long term problems related to hemorrhage is to restore normal blood volume

Which of the following is true regarding the inferior vena cava

It is considered a large vein

Where are chemoreceptors that detect changes in carbon dioxide, oxygen, or ph levels in blood and cerebrospinal fluid located

Located within the medulla oblongata & In the carotid & aortic bodies

A "blue baby" is often associated with what congenital heart defect

Patent ductus arteriosus

Blood is pumped into the pulmonary circuit from the

Right ventricle

Describe the respiratory pump

The respiratory pump is a mechanism by which a reduction of pressure in the thoracic cavity during inhalation assists venous return to the heart.

Why are valves located in veins but not in arteries

Valves are located in veins to prevent blood from flowing backward because venous pressure is too low to keep the blood moving back toward the heart.

After blood levels leave the capillaries, it enters the

Venules

In which of the following would the blood flow be highest

a vessel 1.0 cm in diameter and 2 meters long

To defend blood volume against dehydration, the body

all of the above

All of the following occur during exercise except

blood flow to skin decreases

The systemic circuit delivers oxygenated blood to ______ and returns blood to the

body organs; right atrium

Capillaries that have a complete lining are called

continuous capillaries

Veins of the brain empty into

dural sinuses

All of the following occur in response to hemorrhage except

increase blood pressure

A decrease in blood CO2 levels would cause

increased blood ph

An important artery that supplies blood to the brain is the ________ artery.

internal carotid

Blood from the brain returns to the heart through the ________ vein.

internal jugular

The pulmonary veins carry blood to the

left atrium

Pulmonary arteries carry blood to the

lungs

Total peripheral resistance is related to all of the following, except the

osmolarity of interstitial fluids

An artery delivering blood to the kidney would have ________ blood in it and would be part of the ________ circuit.

oxygenated, systemic

As blood travels from arteries to veins,

pressure drops

Which of the following breaks the rule that arteries carry oxygenated blood away from the heart

pulmonary arteries

Blood returning from the systemic circuit enters the

right atrium

Which chamber of the heart receives blood from the systemic circuit

right atrium

These vessels hold the largest percentage of the blood supply.

systemic venous system

Where is the majority of blood volume located during rest

systemic venous system

Vasculogenesis refers to

the formation of the first vessels.

List the factors that contribute to total peripheral resistance

vascular resistance, viscosity, turbulence

Blood pressure is lowest in the

veins

Most common congenital heart defect is

ventricular septal defect

Which of the following are the smallest venous vessels

venules

Arrange the structures in the following list in the order that blood will encounter as it flows from the output side to the input side of the cardiovascular flow circuit. 1. venules 2. arterioles 3. capillaries 4. elastic arteries 5. medium veins 6. large veins 7. muscular arteries

4, 7, 2, 3, 1, 5, 6

Define edema

Abnormal accumulation of intestinal fluid in peripheral tissues.

Materials can move across capillary walls by

All are correct

The congenital heart defect most often associated with Down syndrome is

Atrioventricular septal defect

Identify the largest artery in the body

aorta

Which is greater: arterial pressure or venous pressure

arterial pressure

Where is blood pressure the highest?

arteries

List the five general classes of blood vessels.

arteries, arterioles, capillaries, venules, veins

____ are the only blood vessels whose walls are thin enough to permit blood tissue exchange

capillaries

Which of the following is not a characteristic of venous valves

channeling blood away from the heart

What effect does an increase in the respiratory rate have on CO2 levels?

decreases CO2 levels

Which of the following would have the greater effect on vascular resistance

decreasing the diameter of a blood vessel by 1/2

Compared to arteries, veins

have thinner walls