Chap 19 learning assignment
If a person has a blood pressure of 120/90, his mean arterial pressure would be ________ mm Hg.
100
RBC's move single file through the structure
Capillary
After losing 25 percent of blood volume in a motorcycle accident, which of the following compensatory responses would not occur
Circulatory shock
Capillaries that contain pores that penetrate the endothelial cells are called
Fenestrated
Angiogenesis refers to
Growth of new blood vessels from preexisting vessels
Arterioles_______
Have a poorly defined tunica externa
The superior vena cava collect blood from the
Head, chest, upper limbs
Name the immediate and long-term problems related to hemorrhage
Is maintaining adequate blood pressure and peripheral blood flow. Long term problems related to hemorrhage is to restore normal blood volume
Which of the following is true regarding the inferior vena cava
It is considered a large vein
Where are chemoreceptors that detect changes in carbon dioxide, oxygen, or ph levels in blood and cerebrospinal fluid located
Located within the medulla oblongata & In the carotid & aortic bodies
A "blue baby" is often associated with what congenital heart defect
Patent ductus arteriosus
Blood is pumped into the pulmonary circuit from the
Right ventricle
Describe the respiratory pump
The respiratory pump is a mechanism by which a reduction of pressure in the thoracic cavity during inhalation assists venous return to the heart.
Why are valves located in veins but not in arteries
Valves are located in veins to prevent blood from flowing backward because venous pressure is too low to keep the blood moving back toward the heart.
After blood levels leave the capillaries, it enters the
Venules
In which of the following would the blood flow be highest
a vessel 1.0 cm in diameter and 2 meters long
To defend blood volume against dehydration, the body
all of the above
All of the following occur during exercise except
blood flow to skin decreases
The systemic circuit delivers oxygenated blood to ______ and returns blood to the
body organs; right atrium
Capillaries that have a complete lining are called
continuous capillaries
Veins of the brain empty into
dural sinuses
All of the following occur in response to hemorrhage except
increase blood pressure
A decrease in blood CO2 levels would cause
increased blood ph
An important artery that supplies blood to the brain is the ________ artery.
internal carotid
Blood from the brain returns to the heart through the ________ vein.
internal jugular
The pulmonary veins carry blood to the
left atrium
Pulmonary arteries carry blood to the
lungs
Total peripheral resistance is related to all of the following, except the
osmolarity of interstitial fluids
An artery delivering blood to the kidney would have ________ blood in it and would be part of the ________ circuit.
oxygenated, systemic
As blood travels from arteries to veins,
pressure drops
Which of the following breaks the rule that arteries carry oxygenated blood away from the heart
pulmonary arteries
Blood returning from the systemic circuit enters the
right atrium
Which chamber of the heart receives blood from the systemic circuit
right atrium
These vessels hold the largest percentage of the blood supply.
systemic venous system
Where is the majority of blood volume located during rest
systemic venous system
Vasculogenesis refers to
the formation of the first vessels.
List the factors that contribute to total peripheral resistance
vascular resistance, viscosity, turbulence
Blood pressure is lowest in the
veins
Most common congenital heart defect is
ventricular septal defect
Which of the following are the smallest venous vessels
venules
Arrange the structures in the following list in the order that blood will encounter as it flows from the output side to the input side of the cardiovascular flow circuit. 1. venules 2. arterioles 3. capillaries 4. elastic arteries 5. medium veins 6. large veins 7. muscular arteries
4, 7, 2, 3, 1, 5, 6
Define edema
Abnormal accumulation of intestinal fluid in peripheral tissues.
Materials can move across capillary walls by
All are correct
The congenital heart defect most often associated with Down syndrome is
Atrioventricular septal defect
Identify the largest artery in the body
aorta
Which is greater: arterial pressure or venous pressure
arterial pressure
Where is blood pressure the highest?
arteries
List the five general classes of blood vessels.
arteries, arterioles, capillaries, venules, veins
____ are the only blood vessels whose walls are thin enough to permit blood tissue exchange
capillaries
Which of the following is not a characteristic of venous valves
channeling blood away from the heart
What effect does an increase in the respiratory rate have on CO2 levels?
decreases CO2 levels
Which of the following would have the greater effect on vascular resistance
decreasing the diameter of a blood vessel by 1/2
Compared to arteries, veins
have thinner walls
