Chap 21 formative quiz

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During the Prussian revolution in 1848, why did the alliance between middle-class liberals and workers dissolve?

The workers demanded a series of democratic and vaguely socialist reforms

What did Klemens von Metternich and Alexander I proclaim at the Troppau Conference in 1820?

Their support for the principle of active intervention to maintain all autocratic regimes whenever threatened

What was one of Karl Marx's most important criticisms of the French utopian socialists?

Their utopian schemes were not realistic.

How did the French provisional government respond to the worsening depression and rising unemployment in 1848?

It established national workshops to provide public works jobs.

What was the effect of France's Constitutional Charter in the post-Napoleonic period?

It secured most of the gains made by the middle class and the peasantry during the French Revolution and permitted intellectual and artistic freedom.

What did the early French socialist thinkers find disturbing about the emerging industrial society?

They believed that industrial society fomented selfish individualism and split the community into isolated fragments.

The romantic movement was characterized by

a belief in emotional exuberance and unrestrained imagination

The allied powers at the Congress of Vienna were determined to

avoid the creation of hostility and resentment in France

Karl Marx argued that socialism would be established

by violent revolution

What was the driving force in history according to Marx in the nineteenth century?

economic relationship between classes

Romantics and early nationalists investigated folk songs, folk tales, and proverbs in order to

find the unique greatness of every people in its folk culture

The British Corn Laws of 1815 were enacted with the goal of

forbidding the importation of foreign grain unless prices in Britain reached very high levels, selfishly benefiting the aristocratic landowners in Britain

In Great Britain, the Great Reform Bill of 1832

gave greater representation to the new, industrial areas of the nation

What was the most important influence on the peaceful mid-century reforms in Great Britain?

political competition between the aristocracy and the middle class

According to Joseph Proudhon in the nineteenth century, property was

profit stolen from workers

The romantic poet William Wordsworth conceived of poetry as the

spontaneous overflow of powerful feeling recollected in tranquility

Which social groups comprised the revolutionary alliance during the revolutions of 1848 in Central Europe?

students and urban workers

In December 1825, some 3,000 army officers inspired by liberal ideas staged a protest against which new tsar?

Nicholas I

Many Europeans and Americans embraced the Greek Revolution because

Of a love of Greek classical culture.

In 1830, an unsuccessful revolution failed to re-create the country of

Poland

The Chartist movement in Britain in the 1830s and 1840s demanded

universal male suffrage

The Karlsbad Decrees of 1819

Required german states to outlaw liberal political organizations, police universities, and establish permanent committees to clamp down on reformers.

Why did Klemens von Metternich, as Austrian foreign minister, have to oppose the spread of nationalism in Europe?

Austria was a multiethnic empire, and the spread of nationalism among its different ethnic groups threatened to dissolve the empire.

Why was the Frankfurt Parliament in 1849 unable to create a "Greater Germany"?

Determined to maintain its empire, Austria would not agree to a Greater Germany that separated German-speaking lands from non-German territories in the empire.

In the nineteenth century, what did Eugène Delacroix's work typically feature?

Dramatic, colorful scenes

In 1848, what reform did the French government refuse that created a sense of class injustice?

Electoral reform

In the nineteenth century, how did Ireland's population grow despite extreme poverty?

Extensive cultivation of the humble potato

Germaine de Staël urged the French to throw away worn-out classical models and extolled the spontaneity and enthusiasm of the writer and thinkers of

Germany

In their war of independence against the Ottoman Empire, the Greeks ultimately won the support of

Great Britain, France, Russia

The Quadruple Alliance, the nations that defeated Napoleon, included

Russia, Prussia, Austria, and Great Britain

In 1849, the revolution in Hungary was brought under control with the help of 130,000 troops sent by

Russian Empire

What reform did France's Second Republic institute in 1848?

The right to vote for all adult men

Charles Fourier, a utopian socialist, envisioned mathematically precise communities called "phalanxes" and also urged

the abolition of marriage, free unions based only on love, and sexual freedom.

According to the doctrine of laissez faire, the government should intervene in

the economy as little as possible.

What did Count Henri de Saint-Simon believe in the nineteenth century?

the key to progress was proper social organization


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