Chapt. 11 - Stratification by Gender

Which sociological perspective acknowledges that it is not possible to change gender roles drastically without dramatic revision in a culture's social structure?

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Instrumentality

A term used by Parsons and Bales to refer to emphasis on tasks, focus on more distant goals, and a concern for the external relationship between one's family and other social institutions.

Multiple masculinities

A variety of male gender roles, including nurturing-caring and effeminate-gay roles, that men play along with their more pervasive traditional role of dominating women.

Glass ceiling

An invisible barrier that blocks the promotion of a qualified individual in a work environment because of the individual's gender, race, or ethnicity.

The sense of sisterhood that became evident during the rise of the contemporary feminist movement resembled the Marxist concept of

Class consciousness

Expressiveness

Concern for the maintenance of harmony and the internal emotional affairs of the family

Margaret Meade and Peggy Reeves research showed

Cultural conditioning is the most important factor in determining the social roles of males and females

Gender Role

Expectations regarding the proper behavior, attitudes, and activities of males and females.

Homophobia

Fear of and prejudice against homosexuality.

Which sociological perspective distinguishes between instrumental and expressive roles?

Functionalist perspective

Both males and females are physically capable of learning to cook....Western societies determine that women should preform this task

Gender Roles

Women from all groups and men from minority groups sometimes encounter attitudinal or organizational bias that prevents them from reaching their full potential. This is known as the

Glass Ceiling

An important element of traditional views of proper Male and female behavior is fear of homosexuality. This fear and the accompany prejudice is referred to as

Homophobia

Second shift

The double burden - work outside the home followed by child care and housework - that many women face and few men share equitably. Arle

Sexism

The ideology that one sex is superior to the other.

The crucial agents of socialization in teaching gender roles in the United States are

parents first and also peers teachers and mass media

Contemporary feminists recognize the differential treatment of some women, not only because of their gender, but also because of their

race, ethnicity and socio-economic status

institutional discrimination

Involves a denial of opportunities and equal rights to individuals and groups that results from the normal operation of society.

Which of these statements are true

Women are more likely to attend college Women are more likely to get Doctoral degrees

A significant component of the ________ approach to gender stratification draws on feminist theory.

conflict

It is not simply that particular men in the United States are biased in their treatment of women. All the major institutions of our society are controlled by men. This situation is symptomatic of institutional __________

discrimination

Talcott Parsons and Robert Bales contend that women take the ________ , emotionally supportive role in the family and that men take the _______, practical role, with the two complementing each other.

expressiveness instrumental

The term sexism is generally used to refer to

male prejudice and discrimination against women

Feminism

the belief in the social, political, and economic equality of the sexes; also, organized activity to advance women's rights.

Matrix of domination

the cumulative impact of oppression because of race and ethnicity, gender, and social class, as well as religion, sexual orientation, disability, age, and citizenship status