Chapter 1, 2, 3, 11
What is interaction design?
-Designing interactive products to support the way people communicate and interact in their everyday and working lives -Designers focus on the way users interact with products and they use principles of good communications to create desired user experiences.
Goals of Interaction Design
-Develop usable products -Involve users in the design process
Develop usable products are:
-Easy to learn -Effective to use -Provide an enjoyable experience
When designing, we need to consider:
-Who the users are -What activities are being carried out -Where the interaction is taking place
________ is part of the Develop phase of the double diamond.
Evaluating
In what two ways can Accessibility be achieved?
First, through inclusive design of technology. Second, through the design of assistive technology.
Many _______ models have been proposed in fields related to interaction design.
lifecycle
Designing the interface to have a familiar ________ (with an icon of a shopping cart/basket, not a cash register) makes it easier for people to know what to do at the different stages of making a purchase.
metaphor
New concepts that were incorporated as part of the desktop ________ were operations that could not be performed in the physical world.
metaphor
The ________ invites comparisons between a mechanical engine, which has several working parts, and the everyday action of looking in different places to find something.
metaphor
Personas for a shared travel ________ would focus on travel-related behavior and attitudes rather than the newspapers the personas read or where they buy their clothes.
organizer
_______ is a(n) _______ to copyright that does protect the idea rather than the _______ of the idea.
patenting alternative expression
The company was drawn to use ________ to increase the customer focus of their products by better understanding for whom they were developing their system.
personas
A form with which users can interact is most effective, so building ________ is an extremely powerful approach.
prototypes
Interaction design has specific activities focused on discovering requirements for the product, designing something to fulfill those requirements, and producing ________ that are then evaluated.
prototypes
There are different ________ techniques, not all of which require a working piece of software.
prototyping
Prototypes give a better impression of the user experience than simple descriptions; different kinds of _______ are suitable for different stages of _______ and for eliciting different kinds of _______.
prototyping development feedback
Advances in AI during the last few years have resulted in a significant improvement in speech ________ to the extent that many companies now routinely employ speech-based and ________-based interaction for their ________ queries.
recognition chatbot customer
More recent __________ controls, such as those provided by Apple TV, incorporate a touchpad to enable swiping akin to the control commonly found on laptops.
remote
Once completed and ready for development, a story consists of a description, an estimate of the time it will take to develop, and an acceptance test that determines how to measure when the ________ has been fulfilled.
requirement
Data ________ capture the type, volatility, size/amount, persistence, accuracy, and value of the required data.
requirements
During the ________ activity, scenarios emphasize the context, the usability and user experience goals, and the activities in which the user is engaged.
requirements
Four aspects of the environment lead to different types of ________.
requirements
Once a suitable set of ________ had been discovered, sketching, prototyping, and evaluating with the help of users was used to produce the final design.
requirements
The design team started by studying the accident and incident reports to identify ________ for things to avoid, such as mixing up turn-rate meter with rudder indicator.
requirements
User stories communicate ________ between team members.
requirements
In practice, ________ evolve and develop as the ________ interact with designs and learn what is possible and how ________ can be used.
requirements stakeholders features
The ________ describes one use of the app—to find a route to the nearest branch of a specific store.
scenario
Futuristic ________ describe an envisioned situation in the future, perhaps with a new technology and new world view.
scenarios
Many online __________ sites are in the business of selling services and products, where a core strategy is to entice people to buy what they might not have thought they needed.
shopping
Online ________ experiences are increasingly about persuading people to buy rather than being designed to make ________ easy.
shopping
Disputes will arise if, later in development, it transpires that "realistic" to a ________ group of teenage players is different from "realistic" to a group of parent ________ or to developers.
stakeholder
Most projects involve a range of different ________ groups, and it is common for each of them to define quality differently and to have different acceptable limits for it.
stakeholder
A/B ________ is an online method to inform the choice between two alternatives.
testing
Dan Saffer (2010) suggests four main approaches to interaction design, each of which is based on a distinct ________ philosophy: User-centered design, Activity-centered design, Systems design, and Genius design.
underlying
The _______ aim is to involve members of the public in helping them make a change in their lives where technology is often viewed as an integral part of the process.
underlying
Many years later, ________ security and the role of users in maintaining secure practices is still being discussed.
usable
The best way to ensure that developers gain a good understanding of users' goals, leading to a more appropriate, more ________ product, is to involve target users throughout development.
usable
The need to identify ________ security requirements will still exist even with biometrics.
usable
Two other aspects unrelated to functionality are equally as important if the product is to be ________ and used: expectation management and ownership.
usable
Many ________ landscapes depicting cities, parks, buildings, rooms, and datasets have been built, both realistic and abstract, that enable users to fly over them and zoom in and out of different parts.
virtual
Users can explore aspects of a(n) ________ 3D environment, such as the interior of a building.
virtual
The different kinds of future ________ provide concrete scenarios of how society can use the next generation of imagined technologies to make their lives more comfortable, safe, informative, and efficient.
visions
The goals for the data ________ sessions will be to discover all of the types of requirements relevant for the product.
gathering
The third part is the core data ________ ________ when the user continues with their activities and the ________ observes them and learns.
gathering session interviewer
A consistent operation is using the same input action to highlight any _________ object on the interface, such as always clicking the left mouse button.
graphical
The use of different kinds of ________ representations can constrain a person's interpretation of a problem or information space.
graphical
In relation to the double diamond framework, it can be viewed as a(n) ________ pass to help define the area and also when exploring solutions.
initial
Customer reviews can provide useful ________ to help improve products, but detailed ________ of ________ gathered this way is time-consuming.
insight analysis feedback
A central concern of interaction design is to develop __________ products that are usable.
interactive
Apple realized early on that successful interaction design involved creating __________ products that have a quality user experience.
interactive
In practice, the makeup of a given design team depends on the kind of _______ product being built.
interactive
In the process of creating a(n) _______ product, it can be tempting to begin at the nuts and bolts level of design.
interactive
Just as everyday objects like clothes, food, and games are designed differently for children, teenagers, and adults, so too should _________ products be designed for different kinds of users.
interactive
Not all usability and user experience goals will be relevant to the design and evaluation of a(n) ___________ product being developed.
interactive
Part of the process of understanding users is to be clear about the primary objective of developing an ________ product for them.
interactive
The best known are concerned with how to determine what users should see and do when carrying out their tasks using a(n) __________ product.
interactive
There are many aspects of the user experience that can be considered and many ways of taking them into account when designing __________ products.
interactive
Usability refers to ensuring that ___________ products are easy to learn, effective to use, and enjoyable from the user's perspective.
interactive
When considering the design of a(n) _______ product, it is important to consider where it is going to be used and who is going to use it.
interactive
Following each contextual ________, the team holds an interpretation ________ that allows the whole team to talk about the user and hence establish a shared understanding based on the ________.
interview session data
For projects involving only a few experienced _______, a simple process is adequate.
developers
Flow chart _______ show which objects are related to which, thereby constraining the way that the information can be perceived.
diagrams
More and more ________ tasks will be transformed through AI learning what choices are best in a given situation.
everyday
Research in the wild (RITW) develops technology solutions in _______ living by creating and evaluating new technologies and experiences in situ.
everyday
________ theories about human memory were used in the 1980s to determine the best ways of representing operations, given people's memory limitations.
Cognitive
A main benefit of developing a(n) ________ model that uses a conversational style of interaction is that it allows people to interact with a system in a way that is familiar to them.
conceptual
Most interface applications are actually based on well-established _______ models.
conceptual
What does "HCI" stand for?
Human Computer Interaction
Historically ________ was concerned primarily with usability, but it has since become concerned with understanding, designing for, and evaluating a wider range of user experience aspects.
Human Computer Interaction (HCI)
Many ________ researchers began to think beyond the desktop and design mobile and pervasive technologies.
Human Computer Interaction (HCI)
Much current _______ research into disability explores how new technologies, such as IoT, wearables, and virtual reality, can be used to improve upon existing assistive technology.
Human Computer Interaction (HCI)
big influence on the paradigm shift that took place in ________ in the 1990s was Mark Weiser's (1991) vision of ubiquitous technology.
Human Computer Interaction (HCI)
A(n) ________ that has been highly influential (originating from the early days of HCI) in guiding the design of GUI applications is direct manipulation (Shneiderman, 1983).
framework
_______ are commonly used to explain something that is unfamiliar or hard to grasp by way of comparison with something that is familiar and easy to grasp.
Metaphors
________ (Cooper, 1999) are rich descriptions of typical users of the product under development on which the designers can focus and for which they can design products.
Personas
_______ come from several sources: from the user community, from the business community, or as a result of the technology to be applied.
Requirements
The ________ makes explicit the relationship between how a system should function, how it is presented to users, and how it is understood by them.
framework
Together with the principles that shape how the session will run, the ________ interview is guided by a set of "cool concepts."
contextual
A main benefit of developing a conceptual model that uses a ________ style of interaction is that it allows people to interact with a system in a way that is familiar to them.
conversational
A problem that can arise from using a(n) ________-based interaction type is that certain kinds of tasks are transformed into cumbersome and one-sided interactions.
conversational
Probes come in many forms and are an imaginative approach to data ________.
gathering
Designing for _________ inherently results in inclusive design for all.
accessibility
SMS was designed for hearing-impaired people before it became a mainstream technology. Designing for ________ inherited results in inclusive design for all.
accessibility
For the fourth principle, the set of new users will emerge as investigations progress, but people who are representative of the user group may be _______ from the beginning.
accessible
Design is a process of balancing constraints and trading off one set of requirements with another, and the constraints may mean that there are few viable ________ available.
alternative
One answer to the previous question is that choosing between ________ designs is informed by letting users and stakeholders interact with them and by discussing their experiences, preferences, and suggestions for improvement.
alternative
Travel blogs contain useful and practical insights, and websites that compare _______ options are informative.
alternative
Under some circumstances, the scope to consider _______ designs is limited.
alternative
A(n) ________ made about curved TV was that it would provide more flexibility for viewers to optimize the viewing angles in someone's living room.
assumption
After much discussion on the pros and cons of bookmarking versus history lists, the team decides to investigate further how to support effectively the saving, ordering, and retrieving of websites using a mobile web ________.
browser
The marketing people assume that something is wrong with their _______ and that their rivals have a better product.
browser
The same enumeration of concepts can be repeated for other functions of the web _______ both current and new
browser
A much more effective design solution is to create ________ of commands that can be mapped into subsets of ________ that can be displayed at the interface, for instance, via _________.
categories operations menus
Repeated reference to a particular app, drawing, behavior, or location indicates that it is somehow ________ to the activity being performed and that it deserves close attention to uncover the role it plays.
central
