Chapter 1

7) Eve is always upset about something, and it seems that she is never really happy. Her mental outlook is likely to adversely affect A) mainly her social health. C) mainly her physical health. B) mainly her emotional health. D) all six dimensions of her health.

D) all six dimensions of her health.

21) The change model based on three factors (social environment, thoughts and feelings, and behaviors) in interaction with each other is known as the A) behavior modification model. C) health belief model. B) transtheoretical model. D) social cognitive model.

D) social cognitive model.

6) The contemporary definition of wellness is A) the ability to move about freely without pain. B) the absence of ongoing symptoms or chronic disease. C) living longer than one's parents. D) the achievement of the highest level of health possible in each of several dimensions.

D) the achievement of the highest level of health possible in each of several dimensions.

10) Emotional health can best be described as being able to A) feel and express emotions appropriately. B) think clearly, without emotional influence. C) maintain satisfying interpersonal relationships. D) adapt to various social situations.

A) feel and express emotions appropriately.

30) Which change model was created to illustrate how firmly held ideas affect behavior change? A) health belief model C) social cognitive model B) transtheoretical model D) shaping model

A) health belief model

24) The ever-changing process of achieving individual potential in the physical, social, emotional, intellectual, spiritual, and environmental dimensions is the definition of A) health. C) fitness. B) satisfaction. D) recovery.

A) health.

23) Once you have identified a target behavior that needs to change, your next step is to A) learn more about the behavior, its effects, and possible obstacles. B) commit to changing all negative behaviors at the same time. C) see a counselor to help you work out a plan. D) consider the possible negative outcomes before proceeding.

A) learn more about the behavior, its effects, and possible obstacles.

4) The expected number of years of life remaining at a given age, such as at birth, is known as A) life expectancy. C) mortality. B) population control. D) morbidity.

A) life expectancy.

17) An example of an enabling factor is A) living near a hiking trail to encourage walking. B) nagging your parents to stop smoking. C) gaining weight after you stop smoking. D) having friends who say they hate to exercise.

A) living near a hiking trail to encourage walking.

14) The model of health that is concerned with curing disease affecting a particular tissue or organ is the A) medical model. C) public health model. B) surgical model. D) holistic model.

A) medical model.

9) Jill has many friends, is respected by her coworkers, and maintains a great relationship with her boyfriend. Her ability to interact with others is an example of which dimension of health? A) social C) emotional B) intellectual D) physical

A) social

13) A disease that begins slowly, progresses over a period of time, and that may resist treatment is a(n) A) acute disease. C) behavioral disease. B) chronic disease. D) hereditary disease.

B) chronic disease.

20) Judy strives to stay healthy. When she notices herself engaging in an unhealthy behavior, she makes a plan and takes action to get back on track. No challenge is too tough for her to take on. Judy A) has self-control. C) is in a state of readiness to change. B) exhibits self-efficacy. D) relies on social support.

B) exhibits self-efficacy.

28) Educational, organizational, procedural, and environmental support aimed at helping a given population change health-related behaviors is A) risk behavior. B) health promotion. C) health disparities. D) medical treatment.

B) health promotion.

12) The ability to think clearly, analyze information, and use one's mental capacity to meet life's challenges is known as A) social health. C) physical health. B) intellectual health. D) emotional health.

B) intellectual health.

8) The six dimensions of health A) affect health independently of each other. C) seldom influence one another. B) interact continuously. D) affect either the mind or the body.

B) interact continuously.

25) A trait over which a person has no control, such as height and bone structure, is a(n) A) modifiable determinant. C) genetic defect. B) nonmodifiable determinant. D) environmental influence.

B) nonmodifiable determinant

Which of the following were cited by college students in a national survey as major impediments to performing well academically? A) substance abuse C) repeated strep infections B) stress, anxiety, and sleep difficulties D) carrying a too-heavy course load

B) stress, anxiety, and sleep difficulties

Life expectancy in the early 1900s was largely determined by a person's A) hygiene habits. C) occupation and location. B) susceptibility to infectious disease. D) family history.

B) susceptibility to infectious disease.

26) Which behavior change model involves six distinct stages and is also known as the stages of change model? A) health belief model C) social cognitive model B) transtheoretical model D) shaping model

B) transtheoretical model

22) Which of the following is an essential prerequisite for changing a behavior? A) deciding on several rewards for making the change C) asking friends for advice B) wanting to change D) changing environmental obstacles

B) wanting to change

5) Jane is sedentary and obese. What effect, if any, do these factors have on her health? A) They affect her physical health only. B) They affect her physical and emotional health only. C) They impede her progress toward high-level wellness. D) They affect her health only if she has a family history of health problems related to obesity.

C) They impede her progress toward high-level wellness.

16) Young adults (ages 15-24) are most likely to die from A) heart disease. C) accidents. B) cancer. D) homicide.

C) accidents.

15) Effective health promotion programs A) focus on improving selected negative behaviors. B) have the most measurable results when implemented in schools. C) focus on encouraging behaviors known to support good health. D) don't attempt to change individual attitudes about health.

C) focus on encouraging behaviors known to support good health.

19) According to the transtheoretical model, a person in the precontemplation stage A) is aware of the problem and is making preparations for change. B) is aware of the problem but is greatly afraid of change. C) has no current intention to change or believes there is no need to change. D) is aware of the problem and is already taking action to implement change.

C) has no current intention to change or believes there is no need to change.

11) Spiritual health can best be described as A) holding to religious beliefs learned in childhood. B) not as important as other factors to overall wellness. C) having a sense of meaning and purpose in one's life. D) establishing and maintaining fulfilling relationships.

C) having a sense of meaning and purpose in one's life.

27) Differences in health conditions among specific populations are A) risk behaviors. B) health promotions. C) health disparities. D) medical treatments.

C) health disparities.

18) Determinants of health are a range of critical factors in a person's life that A) predispose him or her to a particular set of diseases. B) are related to genetics. C) influence health status. D) influence his or her response to medical treatment.

C) influence health status.

29) Having unprotected sex is considered a A) health promotion. C) risk behavior. B) health disparities. D) medical treatment.

C) risk behavior.

3) Which of the following contributed to increased life expectancy in the early twentieth century? A) advances in genetic testing C) vaccinations and antibiotics B) advances in heart and brain surgery D) more doctors in metropolitan areas

C) vaccinations and antibiotics