Chapter 1

Americans with low incomes and individuals suffering from anorexia nervosa and chronic alcoholism are at increased risk of______.

undernutrition

Since no natural food contains all the nutrients as they are needed by the body, _____ can help ensure the nutritional adequacy of a diet.

variety

Of the six classes of nutrients, which is considered most essential?

water

regulation of body temperature, elimination of wastes, and transportation of substances

water

To achieve nutritional adequacy and ensure good health, one should consume a variety of foods from the following food groups.

whole grains fruits and vegetables

energy source and necessary for the absorption of certain vitamins

lipids

A state of health that occurs when the body is improperly nourished is termed

malnourished

Choose products that would be considered a dietary supplement.

mineral amino acid vitamin

regulation of fluid balance, formation of certain chemical messengers, structural and functional components of various substances and tissues

minerals

The effects of malnutrition can be devastating on the following stages of rapid growth.

pregnancy childhood infancy

Most foods contain a mixture of _____.

protein fat carbohydrate

Increasing the number of adults who are at a healthy weight, reducing the number of children who are obese, and increasing the calcium intake for people who are 2 years of age or older are all objectives of______.

Healthy People 2030

Choose the objectives that are set by Healthy People 2030 for Nutrition and Weight Status.

Increase fruit intake among people who are 2 years of age and older Increase whole grain intake among people who are 2 years of age and older Reduce the proportion of obese adults

What system of measurement is used in nutrition?

Metric

The standard of measurement used in nutrition is the

Metric System

Essential nutrients must be supplied by food.

True

The body does not make the nutrient or does not make enough of the nutrient to meet the body's needs.

True

The information we have about diet and its relationship to health is constantly changing as new research becomes available.

True

What is the second leading cause of death to Americans?

cancer

Carbohydrates, proteins, lipids, vitamins, minerals, and water are all______.

classes of nutrients

If a vitamin, amino acid, herb, or mineral is sold, it is considered a ______ supplement.

dietary

A product that contains a vitamin, a mineral, an herb or other plant product, an amino acid, or a dietary substance that supplements the diet by increasing total intake is called a(n)______.

dietary supplement

The major role of carbohydrate is to provide the body with______.

energy

The leading cause of death for Americans is Blank______.

heart disease

Poor eating habits contribute to the leading causes of death to Americans. The top two leading causes of death to Americans are _____.

heart disease cancer

Choose the food that is energy dense but provides some nutrition.

nuts

The endosperm is mostly _____.

starch

Nutrition-related factors that contribute to many worldwide deaths in children under 5 years include _____.

vitamin deficiencies undernutrition

All of the following nutrients provide energy for cells EXCEPT Blank______.

vitamins

maintenance of immune function, production and maintenance of tissues, and protection against agents that can damage cellular components

vitamins

What is produced when a wheat kernel is stripped of its nutrient-rich germ and bran?

white flour

What term describes the amount of a nutrient that is within the range of safe intake and enables the body to function optimally?

physiological dose

In developing countries, poor sanitation practices and the lack of clean cooking and drinking water cause Blank______.

the majority of all diseases

If a person does not consume enough of the nutrient, the body can produce it.

False

Water is the least essential nutrient.

False