Chapter 1
Americans with low incomes and individuals suffering from anorexia nervosa and chronic alcoholism are at increased risk of______.
undernutrition
Since no natural food contains all the nutrients as they are needed by the body, _____ can help ensure the nutritional adequacy of a diet.
variety
Of the six classes of nutrients, which is considered most essential?
water
regulation of body temperature, elimination of wastes, and transportation of substances
water
To achieve nutritional adequacy and ensure good health, one should consume a variety of foods from the following food groups.
whole grains fruits and vegetables
energy source and necessary for the absorption of certain vitamins
lipids
A state of health that occurs when the body is improperly nourished is termed
malnourished
Choose products that would be considered a dietary supplement.
mineral amino acid vitamin
regulation of fluid balance, formation of certain chemical messengers, structural and functional components of various substances and tissues
minerals
The effects of malnutrition can be devastating on the following stages of rapid growth.
pregnancy childhood infancy
Most foods contain a mixture of _____.
protein fat carbohydrate
Increasing the number of adults who are at a healthy weight, reducing the number of children who are obese, and increasing the calcium intake for people who are 2 years of age or older are all objectives of______.
Healthy People 2030
Choose the objectives that are set by Healthy People 2030 for Nutrition and Weight Status.
Increase fruit intake among people who are 2 years of age and older Increase whole grain intake among people who are 2 years of age and older Reduce the proportion of obese adults
What system of measurement is used in nutrition?
Metric
The standard of measurement used in nutrition is the
Metric System
Essential nutrients must be supplied by food.
True
The body does not make the nutrient or does not make enough of the nutrient to meet the body's needs.
True
The information we have about diet and its relationship to health is constantly changing as new research becomes available.
True
What is the second leading cause of death to Americans?
cancer
Carbohydrates, proteins, lipids, vitamins, minerals, and water are all______.
classes of nutrients
If a vitamin, amino acid, herb, or mineral is sold, it is considered a ______ supplement.
dietary
A product that contains a vitamin, a mineral, an herb or other plant product, an amino acid, or a dietary substance that supplements the diet by increasing total intake is called a(n)______.
dietary supplement
The major role of carbohydrate is to provide the body with______.
energy
The leading cause of death for Americans is Blank______.
heart disease
Poor eating habits contribute to the leading causes of death to Americans. The top two leading causes of death to Americans are _____.
heart disease cancer
Choose the food that is energy dense but provides some nutrition.
nuts
The endosperm is mostly _____.
starch
Nutrition-related factors that contribute to many worldwide deaths in children under 5 years include _____.
vitamin deficiencies undernutrition
All of the following nutrients provide energy for cells EXCEPT Blank______.
vitamins
maintenance of immune function, production and maintenance of tissues, and protection against agents that can damage cellular components
vitamins
What is produced when a wheat kernel is stripped of its nutrient-rich germ and bran?
white flour
What term describes the amount of a nutrient that is within the range of safe intake and enables the body to function optimally?
physiological dose
In developing countries, poor sanitation practices and the lack of clean cooking and drinking water cause Blank______.
the majority of all diseases
If a person does not consume enough of the nutrient, the body can produce it.
False
Water is the least essential nutrient.
False
