Chapter 1
Which of the following is a method for separating a solid-liquid mixture? A) Distillation B) Filtration C) Chromatography D) Extraction E) Recrystallization
Filtration
Which of the following is a chemical change? A) Sugar dissolves in water. B) Glucose is metabolized through glycolysis. C) Sugar crystallizes from a cooling aqueous solution. D) Sugar is spun into cotton candy. E) Sugar is extracted from sugar cane syrup.
Glucose is metabolized through glycolysis.
Which one of these represents a CHEMICAL change? A) lard when heated changes to liquid B) water disappears from a beaker in a few days at room temperature C) sugar dissolving in water D) milk turns sour after sitting at room temperature for a few days E) water boils below 100 °C on a mountain
milk turns sour after sitting at room temperature for a few days
Which one of the following would be a physical property of glucose? A) It is used by the body to generate energy. B) When combined with sulfuric acid it forms carbon. C) In its pure form, it is a white powder. D) It can be fermented to form ethanol.
In its pure form, its a white powder
Which of the following are chemical properties of matter? A) mass B) volume C) density D) flammability
Flammability
Italian dressing contains olive oil and vinegar, which will separate out from each other if left to sit. This makes the dressing a: A) heterogeneous mixture B) Homogeneous mixture C) Both (A) and (B) D) None of the above
Heterogeneous Mixture
A human is an example of a(n) A) element B) compound C) homogeneous mixture D) heterogeneous mixture
Heterogeneous mixture
Which one of the following is an example of a compound? A) air B) water C) steel D) iron
Iron
Which of the following is an extensive property of the element carbon? A) Its boiling point B) The temperature of a carbon sample C) Its freezing point D) The mass of a carbon sample E) Its density
The mass of a carbon sample
Magnesium metal, a gray solid, is heated in a crucible in the presence of oxygen. A white powder is collected from the crucible. This is an example of A) a chemical change B) a separation C) a mixture D) a physical change
a chemical change
Which of the following is a chemical change? A) cooking an egg B) mixing oil and water C) tearing a piece of paper D) watching a DVD
cooking an egg
Gasoline is composed of a variety of different liquid hydrocarbons, which do not separate as time passes. Gasoline is an example of a: A) heterogeneous mixture B) Chemical compound C) Chemical element D) Solution
Solution
Three students measure the volume of a liquid using a graduated cylinder. In a separate experiment, the actual value volume of the liquid is 152 mL. Which set of data is the most precise? A) Student 1 B) Student 2 C) Student 3 D) none of the students are precise
Student 2 Precision is when all outcomes are in the range of uncertainty of one another and accuracy is when the average outcome is in the range of uncertainty of where it should be. Precision and accuracy are independent of one another. An outcome can be precise but not accurate, accurate but not precise, accurate and precise, or neither accurate nor precise. For Student 2, the data have least amount of uncertainty between measurements, the data are precise even though they are not particularly accurate.
The uncertainty in the measurement 1500 m is A) ± 1000 m B) ± 100 m C) ± 10 m D) ± 1 m
± 100 m
You measured the mass of a dry powder on a balance to be 23.76 g. What would you report as the uncertainty of this measurement? A) ± 0.01 B) ± 0.1 C) ± 1 D) ± 0.001
0.01
If you go mini-golfing, in which of these scenarios are you precise but not accurate? A) You hit all holes in one. B) You take six strokes at each hole. C) It always takes you a long time to get your shots in D) All of your shots are off, but they all go to the same place.
All of your shots are off, but they all go to the same place.
Which of the following is a physical change? A) Meat is browned in a frying pan. B) Onions caramelize in a frying pan. C) Scrambled eggs are cooked in a frying pan. D) Milk curdles when mixed with vinegar. E) An apple is cut into quarters.
An apple is cut into quarters.
Which of the following is a pure substance that cannot be broken down into simpler substances by chemical means?
Chemical Element
Which of the following is a physical change? A) Condensation forms on cold glass. B) Glass reacts with hydrofluoric acid. C) A ground glass joint slowly forms sodium silicate when exposed to NaOH. D) Cobalt salts dissociate in a piece of blue stained glass. E) Silica is hydrated, forming silicic acid.
Condensation forms on cold glass.
What is the definition of a scientific law? A) It is witnessed and can be recorded. B) It gives an overall explanation of a natural phenomenon. C) It involves both a number and a unit. D) It summarizes an observable behavior.
It summarizes an observable behavior.
The law of conservation of mass is best described as which of the following statements? A) The total energy of the universe is constant. B) Matter can neither be created nor destroyed. C) Energy equals mass times the speed of light squared. D) For every action, there is an equal and opposite reaction. E) Mass can only decrease as a result of a chemical reaction.
Matter can neither be created nor destroyed.
A theory is another word for a(n) _________. A) model B) law C) measurement D) experiment
Model
Which of the following is a step that is NOT in the scientific method? A) making observations B) formulating hypotheses C) modifying laws D) performing experiments
Modifying Laws
When methane is completely combusted in oxygen forming carbon dioxide and water, how does the mass of the reactant gases compare to the products? A) The reactants have greater mass. B) The products have greater mass. C) The masses of the reactants and products are equal. D) The mass of the reactants cannot be determined. E) Depending on reaction conditions, the total reaction mass could increase or decrease.
The masses of the reactants and products are equal.
Which one of the following is an example of a compound? A) air B) water C) steel D) iron
Water
