Chapter 1 and 2 of Psychology (Aplia)

identical

The behavior of _________ twins is of special interest because their genetic endowment is the same.

resonance

In a magnetic ________ imaging, radio waves cause parts of the brain to emit signals.

informed

In order to help avoid harm, human subjects must provide _______ consent.

right

Individuals who has a dominant _________ hemisphere are more likely to be creative and emotional.

adapted

Individuals whose traits are better _______ to their environment are more likely to survive and reproduce.

stratified

A ______ sample is drawn so that identified subgroups in the population are represented proportionally in the sample.

synapse

A ________ consists of an axon terminal, a dendrite, and a fluid-filled gap.

experiment

An _______ is conducted in an effort to determine cause and effect.

seratonin

Deficiencies of ________ are linked to alcoholism, depression, and insomnia.

debriefed

Ethics require that subjects who are deceived be ___________ afterward to help eliminate misconceptions and anxieties about the research.

blind

Experiments can control for the effects of expectations by creating conditions under which subjects are unaware of or _____ to the treatment they have received.

control

Ideal experiments use experimental and ______ groups.

works

Imaging techniques like the PET scan, and MRI allows us to observe how the brain ________ during various mental activities.

random

In a ______ sample, each member of a population has an equal chance of being selected.

survey

In a ______, a large sample of people answer questions about their attitudes or behavior.

schizophrenia

It is theorized that people with ___________ over utilize dopamine.

reproduction

Mutations that enhance survival and __________ are passed down from generation to generation.

axons

Neurons have a cell body or soma, which contains the nucleus; dendrites which receive messages; and an _________ which carries messages to other neurons.

nuerotransmitters

Neurons transmit messages to other neurons by means of chemical substances called, _____________.

ethical

Psychologists adhere to ________ standards that help promote the dignity of the individual, maintain scientific integrity, and protect subjects or clients from harm.

behavior

Psychology is defined as the study of _______ and mental processes

animals

Researchers use ___________ to conduct research that cannot be carried out with humans.

population

Samples must accurately represent the target _______

hypothesis

Scientists test a specific statement, or ______ about behavior or mental processes.

pure

Some psychologists engage in ____ research, which has no immediate application, while others engage in applied research, which seeks solutions to specific problems.

hippocampus

The ______ is involved in the development of long -term memories.

scientific

The ______ method is an organized way of expanding and refining knowledge

sociocultural

The ______ perspective fosters the consideration of matters of ethnicity, gender, culture, and socioeconomic status in psychology.

biological

The ______ perspective studies the links between the brain, hormones, heredity, and behavior.

correlation

The _______ method investigates whether behaviors or traits are related to others.

naturalistic

The _______ observation method observes individuals in their natural habitat.

learning

The _______ perspective, which includes behaviorism and social cognitive theorists, focuses on the effects of experience on behavior.

dependent

The _______ variable is the measured outcome or result of an experiment.

independent

The ________ variable is manipulated by the experimenters so that its effects may be determined.

cerebellum

The __________ is involved in balance and coordination.

autonomic

The __________ nervous system regulates the glands and involuntary activities such as heartbeat, respiration, and digestion, while the somatic nervous system regulates information from our sensory organs.

hypothalumus

The __________ part of which is in the limbic system, is involved in body temperature, motivation, and emotion.

thinking

The cerebral cortex, which is the center of __________ and language, is divided into two hemispheres, with each hemisphere having four lobes.

survival

The concept of a struggle for _______ lies at the core of the theory of evolution.

frontal

The executive center of the brain is found in the ________ lobe.

callosum

The hemispheres of the cerebrum are connected by the corpus ___________.

peripheral

The nervous system is made up of the __________ nervous system and the central nervous system.

somatosensory

The parietal lobe contains the __________ cortex, which receives messages from our skin senses.

production

Wernicke's area is critical in understanding speech and visual information while Broca's area is involved in the _______ of speech.

positive

With a ______ correlation, higher scores on one variable tend to correspond with higher scores on another variable.

lower

With a negative correlation, higher scores on one variable tend to correspond with _______ scores on the second variable.

experimental

_____ Psychologists conduct research into basic psychological processes, such as sensation and perception, learning and memory, and motivation and emotion.

genes

___________ are the most basic building blocks of heredity.

myelin

___________ is a fatty substance that insulates neurons.

kinship

___________ studies compare traits and behavior patterns in people who are biologically related or unrelated to help determine the roles of genetic factors.