Chapter 1 - Cognitive Psychology

Neuroimage, a journal devoted solely to reporting neuroimaging research, was founded in which year?

1992

Which of the following is a criticism of analytic introspection?

It produces variable results from person to person.

Which of the following is NOT true of positron emission tomography (PET)?

It shows which areas of the human brain are activated during cognitive activity.

Which of the following psychologists is known for research on operant conditioning?

B. F. Skinner

Who introduced the flow diagram to represent what is happening in the mind?

Donald Broadbent

Colin Cherry's experiment in which participants listen to two messages simultaneously, one in each ear, found all but which of the following?

People who are deaf process auditory information on a nonconscious level.

Which memory is used for physical actions?

Procedural memory

Watson became dissatisfied with the method of analytic introspection in which context?

Results were interpreted in terms of invisible inner mental processes

Richard Atkinson and Richard Shiffrin's (1968) model of memory, which was introduced a year after the publication of Neisser's book, described the flow of information in the memory system as progressing through three stages. Which memory holds incoming information for a fraction of a second and then passes most of this information to short-term memory?

Sensory memory

How is the term mind used in this statement: "When he talks about his encounter with aliens, it sounds like he is out of his mind"?

The mind as a healthy mind being associated with normal functioning, a nonfunctioning mind with abnormal functioning.

How is the term mind used in this statement: "If you put your mind to it, I'm sure you can solve that math problem"?

The mind as problem solver

Who developed the concept of the cognitive map?

Tolman

With which of the following sentences would the author disagree?

We can consider the mind extraordinary if it is used for extraordinary purposes.

Regarding children's language development, Noam Chomsky noted that children generate many sentences they have never heard before. From this, he concluded that language development is driven largely by

an inborn biological program.

In Donders's experiment on decision making, when participants were asked to press one button if the light on the left was illuminated and another button if the light on the right was illuminated, they were engaged in a

choice reaction time task.

Attention, perception, memory, and decision making are all different types of mental processes in which the mind engages. These are known as different types of

cognition.

A mental conception of the layout of a physical space is known as a(n)

cognitive map.

The relationship between the ____________ is NOT measured directly by cognitive psychologists.

cognitive task and the mental response

Donders's main reason for doing his choice reaction time experiment was to study

decision making.

Reaction time refers to the time between the _______ of a stimulus and a person's response to it.

presentation