Chapter 1 De Mesa: The Scientific Method

experiment

a procedure that yields new information that is used to show whether a prediction is supported or not

Chemistry

The science that deals with the materials of the universe and the changes that these materials undergo; often called the central science

A. a law

The statement "gasses are compressible" is an example of A. a law B. a theory C. a hypothesis D. an observation

A. a law

The statement "the pressure and volume of a gas is inversely proportional when its temperature is kept constant" is an example of A. a law B. a theory C. a hypothesis D. an observation

B. a theory

The statement "the universe originated billions of years ago from an explosion of a relatively minuscule amount of matter at high temperatures and pressure" is an example of A. a law B. a theory C. an observation D. none of the above

Qualitative

data describing a quality that does not require a number

Quantitative

data measured using a number

Observation

qualitative or quantitative data; limited to individual items

Theory

similar to a hypothesis but based on a more thorough study; a unifying principle that explains the body of laws and facts based on them; infallible; the WHY behind the law and its observations

gravity

this is a well known example of a theory

theory and hypothesis

IF THESE TWO PARTS OF THE SCIENTIFIC METHOD ARE TOGETHER-NEITHER ARE THE ANSWER

False

True/False: Once a theory has been made it cannot be changed

False

True/False: What goes up must come down is an example of an observation.

False

True/False: the statement "matter is neither created nor destroyed in a chemical reaction" is an example of a theory

C. law

When a compound called an acid is mixed with a compound called a base, a reaction always occurs. Thus, the statement, "acids react with bases" is an example of a A. theory B. observation C. law D. hypothesis

A. the book is 5 pounds

Which of the following is NOT an example of a qualitative observation? A. the book is 5 pounds B. it is cold outside C. her skin is dry D. the light is bright

B. all gasses are compressible

Which of the following is NOT an observation? A. helium gas is compressible B. all gasses are compressible C. oxygen gas is compressible D. nitrogen gas is compressible

B. a hypothesis

Which of the following is a possible explanation for a set of observations? A. a measurement B. a hypothesis C. an experiment d. a law

C. a theory

Which of the following is a probable explanation for a set of observations or a set of tested hypothesis? A. an observation B. a measurement C. a theory D. an experiment

Law

a statement made after testing predictions that generalize WHAT the behavior of nature is; states, identifies, or describes the relationship among observable phenomena key words for identifying this part of the scientific method include: equals and proportional key word for this: always

Hypothesis

a tentative explanation of observations/laws or prediction that can be tested by experimentation; an educated guess key words for identifying this part of the scientific method include: if, then, may, or might