Chapter-1-Government
Provide vouchers for health care to the unemployed.
A government using a socialist approach would be most likely to do which of these?
organized government
A nation can become a state when it has which of these?
True
A nation may wage war with another nation to protect its own national security.
redesign products to use fewer resources
A producer in a capitalist system might do which of the following to further her goals?
freely create and enforce laws
A state has sovereignty when it is able to do which of the following?
False
According to Abraham Lincoln, government must serve the individual but not the community
providing leadership
Administrators in the Environmental Protection Agency use science to determine limits on the amount of sulfur dioxide that factories can release into the air. The decision-making of these administrators falls under which category of government function?
Ohio is subject to laws from another entity.
Although Ohio is considered a state, it is different from a country such as Japan, which is also considered a state. What makes Ohio different from Japan?
force theory
An army takes over a government and establishes its general as the supreme ruler. Which theory explains the origins of this new government?
False
Anarchy is a type of government in which one leader rules by force.
False
Entrepreneurs use distributors to purchase resources and invest in the production of goods.
True
Environmental regulation by the government can reduce production of goods by limiting the amount of resources that are available for use.
True
Governments often provide services that are designed to increase public safety.
Only capitalism stresses private ownership of business.
How do the goals of socialism differ from the goals of capitalism?
Upper classes in power are likely to become richer at the expense of others.
How is the economy likely to be affected if a democracy becomes an oligarchy?
unitary system
In 1986 the country of Greece implemented decentralization, dividing the country into regions, each with its own administrative unit. Before 1986 the country of Greece was most likely which of these?
False
In a laissez-faire economic approach, the government is heavily involved in regulating business.
An unsuccessful business could receive governmental support.
In a pure capitalist system, which of the following could occur?
True
In a traditional economy, rugs woven from wool may be traded for fish and other food.
Access to natural resources would be uncontrolled.
In a true free market economy, which of the following would occur?
The elected candidate takes office without violence from the rival party.
In a truly democratic society, which of the following happens during an election?
capitalism
In which type of economic system does government play the smallest role?
In the vision of communism, property would collectively belong to the people.
Karl Marx envisioned a state where communism would be the end result. How was Marx's vision of communism different from the communism that exists today?
False
Many countries are considered mixed economies that combine elements of capitalism with elements of communism.
amendment
Since the writing and approval of the U.S. Constitution in 1787, citizen movements have arisen to change the document. Changes to the Constitution take place through which of these processes?
provide economic security
The Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation is an agency created by the U.S. Congress to monitor and assist financial private institutions to protect consumers. This agency fulfills which function of government?
control of the abuse of power
The president of the United States can veto a bill passed by the Congress, preventing it from becoming a law. This is an example of which principle of democracy?
Establishing prisons to hold criminals and reduce crime.
Thomas Hobbes stated that life would be "nasty, brutish, and short" without a state or government. Which of these functions of government would likely be most important, according to Hobbes?
enforcement of traffic laws
Which of the following activities in the United States would most likely be paid for by a state government instead of a national government?
producer competition for resources
Which of these characterizes one predicted result of a laissez-faire system?
Each state government can be different and tailored to the needs of the state.
Which of these could be considered an advantage of having a federal system in the United States?
It has a central government that creates laws for the entire nation.
Which of these defines Switzerland as a sovereign state?
Looser federal environmental laws are enforced over stricter state laws.
Which of these examples highlights a disadvantage of the federal system of government?
More viewpoints are utilized to make law in a democracy.
Which of these illustrates a critical difference between a democracy and a monarchy?
Natural resource extraction is controlled by the state.
Which of these is a characteristic of a command economy?
filling of potholes on streets
Which of these is a public service performed by government in the United States?
Multiple parties take part in every election, but only one party ever wins.
Which of these is a sign that a state with a constitution is really an authoritarian state?
Government controls natural resource use.
Which of these is true of current communist countries? a. Distribution is controlled by the workers. b. Government controls natural resource use. c. No one receives wages for work. d. Private investments are common.
A government operates with the goal of promoting human rights.
Which of these statements is based on John Locke's definition of the social contract?
common property
Which of these terms would best represent Karl Marx's theory of communism?
unelected head of state
Which of these would you find in a monarchy but not in a democracy?
bill of rights
Which principle of democracy establishes freedom of speech?
capitalists who own the means of production
bourgeoisie
functions that allow different branches of government to limit the power of other branches
checks and balances
all economic decisions made by the government
communist state
union of sovereign states with a weak central power; abandoned by U.S. in favor of federal system with strong central power
confederacy
establishes the basic structure of government and rights of the people; serves as the supreme law for a country
constitution
constitution places limits on powers of those who govern
constitutional government
the people rule directly or through representatives
democracy
food stamps or rent subsidies
economic assistance
generations of familial elders rule
evolutionary theory
national and state governments share power
federal system
threat of violence allows governmental work to get done
force theory
"to let alone"; Adam Smith's economic approach
laissez-faire
parties representing the majority make most laws
majority rule
combines elements of capitalism and socialism
mixed economy
one person inherits throne and heads the state
monarchy
united by bonds of race, language, custom, or religion
nation
power held by a few people or one political party
oligarchy
organized around common interests and goals to compete with each other during elections
political parties
workers who produce goods
proletariat
consistent enforcement of laws; allows anyone who breaks the law to be held accountable
rule of law
states exist to serve their people
social contract theory
extensive government control of the economy
socialism
community with organized government in a territory
state
False
state is a country that has a simpler type of government.
gives all key powers to central government
unitary system
right and responsibility of citizenship
voting
