Chapter-1-Government

Provide vouchers for health care to the unemployed.

A government using a socialist approach would be most likely to do which of these?

organized government

A nation can become a state when it has which of these?

True

A nation may wage war with another nation to protect its own national security.

redesign products to use fewer resources

A producer in a capitalist system might do which of the following to further her goals?

freely create and enforce laws

A state has sovereignty when it is able to do which of the following?

False

According to Abraham Lincoln, government must serve the individual but not the community

providing leadership

Administrators in the Environmental Protection Agency use science to determine limits on the amount of sulfur dioxide that factories can release into the air. The decision-making of these administrators falls under which category of government function?

Ohio is subject to laws from another entity.

Although Ohio is considered a state, it is different from a country such as Japan, which is also considered a state. What makes Ohio different from Japan?

force theory

An army takes over a government and establishes its general as the supreme ruler. Which theory explains the origins of this new government?

False

Anarchy is a type of government in which one leader rules by force.

False

Entrepreneurs use distributors to purchase resources and invest in the production of goods.

True

Environmental regulation by the government can reduce production of goods by limiting the amount of resources that are available for use.

True

Governments often provide services that are designed to increase public safety.

Only capitalism stresses private ownership of business.

How do the goals of socialism differ from the goals of capitalism?

Upper classes in power are likely to become richer at the expense of others.

How is the economy likely to be affected if a democracy becomes an oligarchy?

unitary system

In 1986 the country of Greece implemented decentralization, dividing the country into regions, each with its own administrative unit. Before 1986 the country of Greece was most likely which of these?

False

In a laissez-faire economic approach, the government is heavily involved in regulating business.

An unsuccessful business could receive governmental support.

In a pure capitalist system, which of the following could occur?

True

In a traditional economy, rugs woven from wool may be traded for fish and other food.

Access to natural resources would be uncontrolled.

In a true free market economy, which of the following would occur?

The elected candidate takes office without violence from the rival party.

In a truly democratic society, which of the following happens during an election?

capitalism

In which type of economic system does government play the smallest role?

In the vision of communism, property would collectively belong to the people.

Karl Marx envisioned a state where communism would be the end result. How was Marx's vision of communism different from the communism that exists today?

False

Many countries are considered mixed economies that combine elements of capitalism with elements of communism.

amendment

Since the writing and approval of the U.S. Constitution in 1787, citizen movements have arisen to change the document. Changes to the Constitution take place through which of these processes?

provide economic security

The Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation is an agency created by the U.S. Congress to monitor and assist financial private institutions to protect consumers. This agency fulfills which function of government?

control of the abuse of power

The president of the United States can veto a bill passed by the Congress, preventing it from becoming a law. This is an example of which principle of democracy?

Establishing prisons to hold criminals and reduce crime.

Thomas Hobbes stated that life would be "nasty, brutish, and short" without a state or government. Which of these functions of government would likely be most important, according to Hobbes?

enforcement of traffic laws

Which of the following activities in the United States would most likely be paid for by a state government instead of a national government?

producer competition for resources

Which of these characterizes one predicted result of a laissez-faire system?

Each state government can be different and tailored to the needs of the state.

Which of these could be considered an advantage of having a federal system in the United States?

It has a central government that creates laws for the entire nation.

Which of these defines Switzerland as a sovereign state?

Looser federal environmental laws are enforced over stricter state laws.

Which of these examples highlights a disadvantage of the federal system of government?

More viewpoints are utilized to make law in a democracy.

Which of these illustrates a critical difference between a democracy and a monarchy?

Natural resource extraction is controlled by the state.

Which of these is a characteristic of a command economy?

filling of potholes on streets

Which of these is a public service performed by government in the United States?

Multiple parties take part in every election, but only one party ever wins.

Which of these is a sign that a state with a constitution is really an authoritarian state?

Government controls natural resource use.

Which of these is true of current communist countries? a. Distribution is controlled by the workers. b. Government controls natural resource use. c. No one receives wages for work. d. Private investments are common.

A government operates with the goal of promoting human rights.

Which of these statements is based on John Locke's definition of the social contract?

common property

Which of these terms would best represent Karl Marx's theory of communism?

unelected head of state

Which of these would you find in a monarchy but not in a democracy?

bill of rights

Which principle of democracy establishes freedom of speech?

capitalists who own the means of production

bourgeoisie

functions that allow different branches of government to limit the power of other branches

checks and balances

all economic decisions made by the government

communist state

union of sovereign states with a weak central power; abandoned by U.S. in favor of federal system with strong central power

confederacy

establishes the basic structure of government and rights of the people; serves as the supreme law for a country

constitution

constitution places limits on powers of those who govern

constitutional government

the people rule directly or through representatives

democracy

food stamps or rent subsidies

economic assistance

generations of familial elders rule

evolutionary theory

national and state governments share power

federal system

threat of violence allows governmental work to get done

force theory

"to let alone"; Adam Smith's economic approach

laissez-faire

parties representing the majority make most laws

majority rule

combines elements of capitalism and socialism

mixed economy

one person inherits throne and heads the state

monarchy

united by bonds of race, language, custom, or religion

nation

power held by a few people or one political party

oligarchy

organized around common interests and goals to compete with each other during elections

political parties

workers who produce goods

proletariat

consistent enforcement of laws; allows anyone who breaks the law to be held accountable

rule of law

states exist to serve their people

social contract theory

extensive government control of the economy

socialism

community with organized government in a territory

state

False

state is a country that has a simpler type of government.

gives all key powers to central government

unitary system

right and responsibility of citizenship

voting