Chapter 1 Key terms

Problem identification process

1) problem identification 2) solution design 3) solution evaluation and choice 4) implementation

Information systems literacy

broad based understanding of information systems that includes behavioral knowledge about organizations and individuals using information systems as well as technical knowledge about computers.

Information

data that have been shaped into a form that is meaningful and useful to human beings

Critical thinking

the sustained suspension of judgment with an awareness of multiple perspectives and alternatives.

Data

are streams of raw facts representing events occurring in organizations or the physical environment before they have been organized and arranged into a form that people can understand and use.

Information Systems

can be defined technically as a set of interrelated components that collect, process, store, and distribute information to support decision making, coordinating, and control in an organization

Input

captures or collects raw data from within the organization or from its external environment

Networking and telecommunications technology

consisting of both physical devices and software, links the various pieces of hardware and transfers data from one physical location to another.

Information technology

consists of all the hardware and software that a firm needs to use in order to achieve its business objectives

Computer software

consists of the detailed, preprogrammed instructions that control and coordinate eh computer hardware components in an information system.

Data Management technology

consists of the software governing the organization of data on physical storage media.

Processing

converts this raw input into a meaningful form

managment information systems

deals with behavioral issues as well as technical issues surrounding the development, use, and impact of information systems used by managers and employees in a firm.

Business model

describes how a company produces, delivers, and sells a product or service to great wealth

Computer literacy

focuses primarily on knowledge of information technology

culture

fundamental set of assumptions, values, and ways of doing things, that has been accepted by most of its members

intranet

internal corporate networks based on internet technology

Internet

is a global "network of networks" that uses universal standards to connect millions of different networks in over 230 countries around he world.

World Wide Web

is a service provided by the internet that uses universally accepted standards for storing, retrieving, formatting, and displaying information in a page format on the internet.

Feedback

is output that is returned to appropriate members of the organization to help them evaluate or correct the input stage.

Computer hardware

is the physical equipment used for input, processing, and output activities in an information system

Network

links two or more computers to share data or resources, such as a printer

extranet

private intranets extended to authorized users outside the organization

Information technology infrastructure

provides the foundation, or platform, on which the firm can build its specific information systems.

Change management

refers to many techniques used to bring about successful change in a business.

Business Process

related tasks and behaviors for accomplishing work

Output

transfers the processed information to the people who will use it or to the activities for which it will be used.