Chapter 1 Key terms
Problem identification process
1) problem identification 2) solution design 3) solution evaluation and choice 4) implementation
Information systems literacy
broad based understanding of information systems that includes behavioral knowledge about organizations and individuals using information systems as well as technical knowledge about computers.
Information
data that have been shaped into a form that is meaningful and useful to human beings
Critical thinking
the sustained suspension of judgment with an awareness of multiple perspectives and alternatives.
Data
are streams of raw facts representing events occurring in organizations or the physical environment before they have been organized and arranged into a form that people can understand and use.
Information Systems
can be defined technically as a set of interrelated components that collect, process, store, and distribute information to support decision making, coordinating, and control in an organization
Input
captures or collects raw data from within the organization or from its external environment
Networking and telecommunications technology
consisting of both physical devices and software, links the various pieces of hardware and transfers data from one physical location to another.
Information technology
consists of all the hardware and software that a firm needs to use in order to achieve its business objectives
Computer software
consists of the detailed, preprogrammed instructions that control and coordinate eh computer hardware components in an information system.
Data Management technology
consists of the software governing the organization of data on physical storage media.
Processing
converts this raw input into a meaningful form
managment information systems
deals with behavioral issues as well as technical issues surrounding the development, use, and impact of information systems used by managers and employees in a firm.
Business model
describes how a company produces, delivers, and sells a product or service to great wealth
Computer literacy
focuses primarily on knowledge of information technology
culture
fundamental set of assumptions, values, and ways of doing things, that has been accepted by most of its members
intranet
internal corporate networks based on internet technology
Internet
is a global "network of networks" that uses universal standards to connect millions of different networks in over 230 countries around he world.
World Wide Web
is a service provided by the internet that uses universally accepted standards for storing, retrieving, formatting, and displaying information in a page format on the internet.
Feedback
is output that is returned to appropriate members of the organization to help them evaluate or correct the input stage.
Computer hardware
is the physical equipment used for input, processing, and output activities in an information system
Network
links two or more computers to share data or resources, such as a printer
extranet
private intranets extended to authorized users outside the organization
Information technology infrastructure
provides the foundation, or platform, on which the firm can build its specific information systems.
Change management
refers to many techniques used to bring about successful change in a business.
Business Process
related tasks and behaviors for accomplishing work
Output
transfers the processed information to the people who will use it or to the activities for which it will be used.