Chapter 1
Shaking the head "No" occurs in which plane?
Transverse
Bone size and shape are influenced by both the direction and magnitude of applied forces. T/F
True
Bones reshape themselves based upon the stresses that are placed upon them. T/F
True
Both the size and shape of bones can limit or allow movement. T/F
True
Collagen in bone provides flexibility and strength to resist tension. T/F
True
Diagonal abduction is movement by a limb through a diagonal plane away from midline of body. T/F
True
Diarthrodial joints are also known as synovial joints. T/F
True
Ligaments through their bone to bone connections provide dynamic stability to diarthrodial joints. T/F
True
Longitudinal bone growth continues as long as epiphyseal plates are open. T/F
True
Most outer bone is composed of cortical bone with cancellous bone underneath. T/F
True
Of all the movements possible in the joints of the body, flexion/extension is the most commonly occurring. T/F
True
Movement of the little finger side of the hand toward the forearm in the lateral plane is
Ulnar flexion
In a transverse plane, the axis of rotation is:
Vertical
Movements in the transverse plane occur around which axis?
Vertical
Which of the following is the correct definition of biomechanics?
Application of mechanical physics to human motion
Motion between the articular surfaces of bone is known as
Arthrokinematics
An instrument used to measure the joint angles is a(an)
Arthrometer
Shoulder retraction is the movement in which there is:
Backward movement of the shoulder girdle in the horizontal plane towards the spine
Which of the following is true regarding circumduction?
Combination of flexion, extension, adduction, and abduction
What term is used to describe the motion of bringing the dorsum of the foot closer to the anterior leg?
Dorsiflexion
During an underhand softball pitch, the hand holding the ball is moved from posterior position to the forward swing of the arm that releases the ball. In what order do the movements occur at the shoulder joint to make this motion possible?
Extension, flexion
Aging induces a progressive increase of collagen in bone that results in an increase in brittleness. T/F
False
Cancellous bone is stiffer and therefore can withstand greater stress but less strain than cortical bone. T/F
False
Cortical bone has a low degree of porosity which consists of approximately 5-30% mineralized tissue. T/F
False
During the process of bone remodeling, osteoblasts resorb existing bone and osteoclasts from new bone. T/F
False
Epiphyseal plates generally close by age 18 but some may be present until age 27. T/F
False
Flexion/extension is an example of movement in a coronal plane about an anteroposterior axis. T/F
False
One of the functions of articular cartilage is to separate the diaphysis and epiphysis. T/F
False
Osteoclasts are specialized cells that form and resorb new bone. T/F
False
The medullary canal is located at the ends of long bones. T/F
False
The scapula is an example of an irregular bone. T/F
False
The shape of bones does not limit movement. T/F
False
There are approximately 552 muscles in the human body. T/F
False
Typical bony features include tendons, epiphysis and articular cartilage. T/F
False
The frontal plane divides the body into
Front and back halves
Each of the following joints allows a slight amount of motion to occur except?
Gomphosis
A fossa is a bony landmark which is a:
Hollow surface
Endochondral bones are formed from which cartilage?
Hyaline cartilage
Which of the following is not an example of a movement in the sagittal plane?
Lateral flexion
Another term for internal rotation is:
Medial rotation
Abduction takes place around which axis?
Mediolateral
In a hinge joint, there are ----- degrees of freedom:
One
Motion of the bones relative to the three cardinal planes resulting from physiological movements is known as________?
Osteokinematic motion
Which of the following is a sesamoid bone:
Patella
Which of the following is/are a part of a long bone:
Periosteum, Cortex, Diaphysis
Which of the following is not a function performed by the skeletal system>
Production of heat
Bone is composed of all but one of the following constituents
Protein
Forward movement of the shoulder girdle in the horizontal plane away from the spine is
Protraction
If the knee were not able to slide, the femur would ____ when going from Flexion to extension on a stationary tibia.
Roll off the front of the tibia
The three specific types of accessory motions are described as
Roll, spin, and glide
Which of the following movements occur at the shoulder joint but not at the knee?
Rotation
Elbow extension takes place in what plane?
Sagittal
Extension of hip joint occurs in which plane?
Sagittal
The main function of the ligament is:
Stability
Which of the following is the correct definition of kinesiology?
Study of anatomy (active and passive structures), physiology, and mechanics in relation to human movement
Which of the following best describes the anatomical location of the head with respect to the left arm?
Superior and medial