CHAPTER 1 people and government 1-2 , 4 essential features of a state 3-6, theories on the origin of the state 7-10 , types of government 11-19, Government according to Aristotle 20
Federal Sytsems
( divides power between national and state or local ) e.g USA ,Canada, Mexico, India, Norway 1."splits power between everybody"
Unitary Systems
(all powers retained by national/federal government) e.g France Italy, France 1. one power government
Confederate
(divides power between state and national )e.g. The confederate states of America during the American Civil War, Micronesia 1. Against the federal
Constitutional Government
A government with a constitution that limits what the government can do
state
A political community that occupies a definite territory and has a organized government.
Government according to Aristotle - politics
Autocracy- rule by one oligarchy- rule by few Democracy - rule by all
constitution
Important , but incomplete plan that provides that provides the rules of the government; it does not always reflect in practice what it espouses in theory
government with a constitution
a government that has a constitution that does not limit what the government can do
Nation
any sizable group of people who are united by common bounds of race,language, custom tradition and religion
territory
boundaries define geographical limits of the state
Types of government -Constitutions and government
constitutions, constitutional government, anarchy, government with a constitution
government
institution in which the state maintains order provides public services, and enforces laws and decisions that age binding on people living in that state.
Why do men create government?
its makes us a little less evil, all men are evil and in a constant battle for power and wealth , everyone is in a constant struggle and want to kill each other
four essential features of a state
population,territory,sovereignty, government
types of gov - government systems
relationship between national/ federal government and smaller units can be unitary systems, federal systems, and confederate
Anarchy
state of nature
sovereignty
state that has supreme and absolute authority within its geographical borders
Thomas Hobbes
{British Philosopher (1588- 1679)} wrote Leviathan - book/bible/evil sea monster , believed :A. all me are evil and in constant battle for power and wealth B. Men create governments to maintain social order, protect people, from their own selfishness, self interest and evil { aka social contract theory} )
John locke
{British Philosopher( 1632-1704) Two Treaties (volume) of government /A.(less than once percent of the population can write ) B. Man is naturally moral ; opposite view of Thomas Hobbes , C. government rest on popular consent ( Government for the people by the people ) D. governments role is to protect the inalienable rights of life,liberty and property.
Jean Jacques Rousseau
{French Philosopher (1712- 1778) The Social Contract A. The moment we create government , everything is a little less savage (less violent). B. All men are born free and equal C. "Noble Savage" All men are born good (noble) in a state of nature without government (savage ) D. He combines with other noble savages to form a government to reduce conflict associated with competition ( aka Social Contract Theory )