CHAPTER 1 people and government 1-2 , 4 essential features of a state 3-6, theories on the origin of the state 7-10 , types of government 11-19, Government according to Aristotle 20

Federal Sytsems

( divides power between national and state or local ) e.g USA ,Canada, Mexico, India, Norway 1."splits power between everybody"

Unitary Systems

(all powers retained by national/federal government) e.g France Italy, France 1. one power government

Confederate

(divides power between state and national )e.g. The confederate states of America during the American Civil War, Micronesia 1. Against the federal

Constitutional Government

A government with a constitution that limits what the government can do

state

A political community that occupies a definite territory and has a organized government.

Government according to Aristotle - politics

Autocracy- rule by one oligarchy- rule by few Democracy - rule by all

constitution

Important , but incomplete plan that provides that provides the rules of the government; it does not always reflect in practice what it espouses in theory

government with a constitution

a government that has a constitution that does not limit what the government can do

Nation

any sizable group of people who are united by common bounds of race,language, custom tradition and religion

territory

boundaries define geographical limits of the state

Types of government -Constitutions and government

constitutions, constitutional government, anarchy, government with a constitution

government

institution in which the state maintains order provides public services, and enforces laws and decisions that age binding on people living in that state.

Why do men create government?

its makes us a little less evil, all men are evil and in a constant battle for power and wealth , everyone is in a constant struggle and want to kill each other

four essential features of a state

population,territory,sovereignty, government

types of gov - government systems

relationship between national/ federal government and smaller units can be unitary systems, federal systems, and confederate

Anarchy

state of nature

sovereignty

state that has supreme and absolute authority within its geographical borders

Thomas Hobbes

{British Philosopher (1588- 1679)} wrote Leviathan - book/bible/evil sea monster , believed :A. all me are evil and in constant battle for power and wealth B. Men create governments to maintain social order, protect people, from their own selfishness, self interest and evil { aka social contract theory} )

John locke

{British Philosopher( 1632-1704) Two Treaties (volume) of government /A.(less than once percent of the population can write ) B. Man is naturally moral ; opposite view of Thomas Hobbes , C. government rest on popular consent ( Government for the people by the people ) D. governments role is to protect the inalienable rights of life,liberty and property.

Jean Jacques Rousseau

{French Philosopher (1712- 1778) The Social Contract A. The moment we create government , everything is a little less savage (less violent). B. All men are born free and equal C. "Noble Savage" All men are born good (noble) in a state of nature without government (savage ) D. He combines with other noble savages to form a government to reduce conflict associated with competition ( aka Social Contract Theory )