Chapter 1 The Sciences of Anatomy & Physiology

b,c

Check all of the cavities that are included in the posterior aspect of the body. a) Thoracic cavity b) Cranial cavity c) Vertebral canal d) Pelvic cavity

b,d,e

Check all that are a component of the thoracic cavity. a) Abdominal cavity b) Pericardial cavity c) Pelvic cavity d) Mediastinum e) Pleural cavity

negative

If your body temperature starts to decline, your body responds by exciting skeletal muscles so that you shiver and your temperature returns to normal. This is an example of ________ feedback.

4,3,1,2

Please match the organ systems with their functions. 1. Cardiovascular 2. Respiratory 3. Muscular 4. Skeletal __Calcium storage and hemopoiesis __Moves the body and generates heat __Transport of nutrients and waste __Exchange of gases

lateral

The axillary region is ______ to the pectoral region.

lateral

The directional term that means "away from the midline of the body" is:

mediastinum

The median space in the thoracic cavity is called the:

lubrication

The primary function of serous fluid appears to be:

a

Thermoreceptors detect body temperature and send impulses to the brain for analysis. If body temperature is low, the brain will signal skeletal muscles to perform brief, repeated contractions to help generate heat. In this example, what is the effector? a) Skeletal muscles b) Brain c) Thermoreceptors d) Body temperature

a

Which of the following is TRUE of positive feedback? a) The change is amplified. b) The change is opposite that of negative feedback. c) Positive feedback mechanisms are independent of negative feedback loops. d) The effector turns off the response.

negative

______ feedback is initiated by wither an increase or a decrease in the stimulus and the end result is to return the stimulus to its normal range or set point. describes most feedback mechanisms in the body

positive

_______ feedback is initiated by a stimulus, and they maintain of increase the activity of the original stimulus.

effector

a molecule cell or organ that brings about a change to the stimulus

Visceral peritoneum

choose from- -Parietal pleura -Visceral pleura -Parietal pericardium -Visceral pericardium -Visceral peritoneum -Parietal peritoneum covers the abdominal organs

Visceral pericardium

choose from- -Parietal pleura -Visceral pleura -Parietal pericardium -Visceral pericardium -Visceral peritoneum -Parietal peritoneum covers the heart

Visceral pleura

choose from- -Parietal pleura -Visceral pleura -Parietal pericardium -Visceral pericardium -Visceral peritoneum -Parietal peritoneum covers the lungs

Parietal peritoneum

choose from- -Parietal pleura -Visceral pleura -Parietal pericardium -Visceral pericardium -Visceral peritoneum -Parietal peritoneum lines the abdominal cavity

Parietal pericardium

choose from- -Parietal pleura -Visceral pleura -Parietal pericardium -Visceral pericardium -Visceral peritoneum -Parietal peritoneum lines the paricardial cavity

Parietal pleura

choose from- -Parietal pleura -Visceral pleura -Parietal pericardium -Visceral pericardium -Visceral peritoneum -Parietal peritoneum lines the thoracic cavity

receptor

detects a stimulus

abdominopelvic

identify the cavity -houses organs of digestion -inferior boundary is the pelvic girdle -location of the liver -location of the reproductive organs -location of the kidneys

cranial

identify the cavity -houses organs of sensory relay to higher cortical areas

thoracic

identify the cavity -inferior boundary is the diaphragm -houses organs of respiration -location of the heart -includes a superficial serous lining called the paretial pleura -includes the mediastinum -includes the major organ of circulation

control center

interprets input from receptor and initiates change

digestive

name the system -large intestine, -stomach, -esophagus

respiratory

name the system -lungs -trachea

lymphatic

name the system -thymus -tonsils

urinary

name the system -urethra -kidneys

physiology

study of the function of the parts of the human body

anatomy

study of the structure and form of the human body

axial

the ____ region of the body includes the head, neck and trunk

posterior

the _____ aspect of the body contains the cranial cavity and the vertebral canal

anatomical

the _____ position refers to the position in which a person is standing upright facing the observer, feet parallel and flat on the floor, and palms facing forward.

ventral, thoracic, abdominopelvic

the ________ cavity is divided into a ________ cavity (which contains the pleural cavities, mediastinum, and pericardial cavity) and an ___________ cavity which contains the abdominal cavity and the pelvic cavity

ventral, parietal, visceral

the _________ cavity is lined by thin serous membranes. a __________ layer lines the internal body wall surface, and a _________ layer covers the organs.

stimulus

the change in the variable

deep

the dermis is the ______ layer of the skin

proximal

the elbow is _______ to the wrist

posterior

the esophagus is _______ to the trachea

anterior

the esophagus is _______ to the vertebral collumn

medial

the eyes are _____ to the ears

superior

the heart is ______ to the diaphragm

inferior

the mouth is ______ to the nose

superficial

the skin is _____ to all other body structures

distal

the toes are ______ to the ankle

true

true/false The pleural cavity is the potential space between the two serous membranes surrounding a lung.