Chapter 10

contrast the arguments put forth by states rightists and the unionists regarding the nullification crisis

-States rightists said tariffs would increase production costs and undermine world markets. This would be counterprotective to the cotton demanding country of England. and threaten slavery. -unionists said although the federal government should be checked the states did not have power over it

summarize the problems encountered under Jackson's Indian removal policy

-at first Georgia Alabama and Mississippi established that the tribal land within their boundaries was theirs and under their law. this defied the Supreme Court's decision that states could not extend its control over the land of Indians. Georgia took the heat. -the policy violated treaties with the south eastern tribes

Kentucky editor who marshaled opposition to Henry Clay and helped build the Jacksonian Democratic Party

Amos Kendall

The bank war

Jacksonian movement to get rid of the bank. Very bad move

passed by Congress to get the president of the military powers to enforce Tariff laws

Force bill

summarize Jacksonian arguments in their attack against the bank of the United States

Jackson believe that the bank was unconstitutional, put too much power in my small group of people, got involved in his opponents campaign and was not a democratic way of doing things

Champion of states rights and leading proponent of nullification during the tariff crisis

John C Calhoun

jackson's Secretary of State who resigned over the Peggy Eaton affair

John Eaton?

vetoed by Jackson on the grounds of strict construction of the constitution

Maysville Road bill

"Trail of tears"

Natives were forced to hike to Oklahoma. a quarter of them died

President of the bank of the United States, who sought recharter four years early

Nicholas Biddle

secretary of treasury under Jackson who drew federal funds from the bank of the United States

Roger Taney

explain why South Carolina seized the tariff issue to mounted support for states rights

South Carolina used the Tariff fiasco to support states rights by saying they wouldn't stand for the federal government using its power to go against the south or slavery. the whole purpose of the statement is to defend slavery at all costs even if it means a Succeeding

issued by Jackson requiring that only gold and silver be accepted in payment for public lands

Specie Circular

provided substantial across-the-board duty increases to protect manufactures

Tariff of 1828

compare and contrast the ideologies and objectives of the wigs and Democrats and identify socioeconomic groups from which they drew their support

The Whigs supported capitalism and loose construction of the Constitution so that the government could get involved in the economy. were supported by farmers merchants and industrialists. meanwhile the Democrats believed in a strict interpretation of the Constitution, no government meddling in economic affairs, and equality (for the white man of course).

explain factors that contributed to the rise of democracy in the 1820s and 1830s

The decline of deference, rise of the poor man, and the halt of special treatment especially in new hotel industry The increase in voting instead of the government making the decisions gave the country a real sense of democracy

reveal how good the conflict over the banks recharter dominated political banter

The return of the bank was a hot topic in this era. Jackson addressed the horribleness of the bank in his annual speeches in 1829 and 1830. Jackson believed if you wanted to continue to win the people over, the anti-bank statement would take him far. Then senator Thomas Hart Benton sought after the recharter for the bank four years early in 1832. recharter passed but it was vetoed by Jackson. Jackson stood by his opinion and won in the election of 1832.

Jacksonian senator from Missouri and leading opponent of bank recharter

Thomas Hart Benton

issued by the Supreme Court, denying states right to jurisdiction over Indian lands

Worcester v. Georgia

paraphrase both the blessings in perils of American democracy according to Tocqueville

Tocqueville believe that American democracy was great because 'everyone' could participate. However he recognize that women African-Americans and natives were disregarded and that would cause issues along with sectionalities

The Whigs

anti-Jackson, believed he was tyrannical, government should get involved in economy, loose interpretation.

corrupt bargain

claim for Jackson supporters that John Q Adams and Henry Clay cheated their way to the top

in preparing for the 1828 election, Jacksonians laid the groundwork for the first modern political party, the ______

democrats

"Specie circular"

gold/silver payment for Public land since it had value

determine the political characteristics and personality traits that contributed to Jackson's image as a man of the people

he was fashionable, but not overly wealthy looking. he was a war hero, Indian fighter, uneducated man, and a proud man. his main goal was to get rid of the Indians

understand the reasons for political realignment in the 1830s and the emergence of the Whigs

in the 1830s, Jackson's anti-nullification stance and abuse of power with the Force Bill called for a political realignment. many believe what Jackson did was tyrannical and they formed a political party called the Whigs. Whigs were made up of national Republicans like Henry Clay? Ex-Federalists? And southern pro states rights people?

evaluate the main political and economic issues brought forth in the 1824 and 1828 elections and explain the outcomes of those presidential elections

issues -investment in infrastructure -slavery -what to do with the second national bank Election of 1824: -John Quincy Adams won against Andrew Jackson. -went to the House of Representatives because of how close it was -Henry Clay had dropped out of the race and threw his support behind Adams Election of 1828: -Andrew Jackson won with 178 electoral votes against John Quincy Adams 83

evaluate Jackson strategy in "killing the bank" and in his use at the state banks as depositories

it is well known that Jackson hated the federal bank, but his strategy and killing it was to let them down slowly.? In 1832 he vetoed the recharter with the existing charter expiring in 1836. In 1833, funds to the banks load and stopped. So in 1836 on the expired it wouldn't be an abrupt change. then as local banks formed Jackson used this to his advantage.He awarded banks that supported him, called "pet banks"

Indian removal

jackson's terrible policy to remove all natives from the south which violated treaties and was unconstitutional

the unofficial set of advisors from whom Jackson constantly sought advice was known as the ________

kitchen cabinet

The 1830s and 1840s, a mass-market became available for popular literature due to the increase in ______

literacy

describe how the diffusion of political power among the masses encouraged reform initiative and inspired new literacy, artistic and professional trends

literature flourished due to literacy rates rising in publication costs lowering, Theater was finally able to thrive because it wasn't held back by the believes that you couldn't have fun painters painted for the common people architecture resembled that of Ancient Rome/ Greece because America was very proud of its republican ways

The dominant genre in the theater during the Jacksonian period was _______

melodrama

in the first quarter century of the Republic, political leaders had regarded ________ as obstructionist and threatening to Republican virtue

parties

the rise of democracy meant that _____ could rise more easily to positions of importance and status

self made men

independent subtreasury

should be placed in independent treasury and in subtreasuries. no private banks

Nullification crisis

southerners declared federal tariffs null and void because they were unfair? John C Calhoun was a leader of this

Jacksonianism

spreading political power to the people, "common man"

nullified by South Carolina on the grounds of unconstitutionality

tariff of 1832

explain the depression of 1837's causes and Van Buren's attempts to correct the financial disorder

the panic of 1837 was caused by the specie circular, inflation, and the drop and the price of cotton. Many businesses went bankrupt in the selling of public land decreased. Van Buren proposed the idea of the deposit for the government independent from commercial banking. although, this began to work, the economy fell back into a deeper panic shortly after

"Spoils system"

when Jackson rewarded banks that supported him, distributed federal jobs to those that supported him