Chapter 10

Air in the airways that does not participate in gas exchange is known as?

Dead space volume

External respiration is the process of?

The exchange of gases between inhaled air and blood.

Which of the following disorders is described as damage to motor nerves innervating skeletal muscles; skeletal muscles weaken; death usually results 5 years of diagnosis?

Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis

A condition in which wheezing occurs with breathlessness, a persistent cough, and yields yellowish or greenish phlegm is?

Bronchitis

Bronchioles differ fro bronchi in that bronchioles lack?

Cartilage

The respiratory control center is located in the?

Medulla Oblongata

During inspiration, intercostal muscles function to?

The intercostal muscles contract, pulling the ribs upward and outward.

During exhalation, the pressure inside the lungs?

Initially is higher than atmospheric pressure, but drops as the air leaves the body

During puberty, the increased production of testosterone in males causes the rapid enlargement of which of the following structures of the respiratory system?

Larynx

As air moves through the nasal cavity, it is humidified by?

Mucus

During a cough, what is responsible for constricting the size of the trachea?

The rings of the cartilage that make up the trachea.

This muscle separates the thoracic cavity from the abdominal cavity

Diaphragm.

Physicians recommend that people breathe through their noses instead of their mouths. What occurs as air is drawn through the nose?

Air is warmed and filtered.

Ventilation refers to the process by which?

The movement of air in and out of the lungs

During the ingestion of food or liquid, the ____ tips to block the opening to the trachea

Epiglottis

In which of the following situations is hemoglobin most likely to bind with oxygen?

In a tissue with a netrual pH

When air leaves the pharynx, it next enters the?

Larnx

Which of the following is a symptom of botulism?

Paralysis of muscles used for breathing, difficulty swallowing or speaking, double vision, nausea, and vomiting.

Arrange in order all of the parts that air contacts as it is drawn into the body

Pharynx, larynx, trachea, bronchiole, alveoli.

Oxygen rich blood flows through the heart via?

Pulmonary Vein

The process of breathing requires the coordinated efforts of the?

Respiratory system, circulatory system, bones and muscles.

Breast feeding has been shown to have no effect on causing breasts to sag later in life, however, _______ does contribute to sagging

Smoking

Most of the carbon dioxide released by cells is transported in the venous supply in what form?

Soluble bicarbonate ion

A small amount of fluid is contained in the pleural cavity to function?

The fluid reduces friction between the pleural membranes as the lungs and chest wall move during breathing.

Carbaminohemoglobin differs from hemoglobin in that carbaminohemoglobin is?

Bound to carbon dioxide.

Burning of carbon-based fuels can produce _______, an odorless gas that competes with oxygen for binding to hemoglobin

Carbon monoxide.

Which of the following results from the stimulation by nerve impulses generated in the respiratory center when they arrive at the muscles involved in inspiration?

Contraction of the diaphragm.

An increase in the amount of carbon dioxide in the body will cause?

A decrease in the PH of cerebrospinal fluid.