Chapter 10

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absolute

Maya is a twelve-year-old girl living in Thailand. she is homeless, and often does not know where she will sleep or when she will eat.

vulnerability to property

a significant probability that people who are not officially poor will become poor within the next year

conflict theory

a sociologist who focuses on the way that multinational corporations headquartered in core nations exploit the local workers in their peripheral nation factories using ____ perspective to understand the global economy

want to interview women working in factories to understand how they manage the expectations of their supervisors, make ends meet, and support their households on a day-to-day basis

a sociologist working from a symbolic interaction perspective would

modernization theory

if a sociologist says that nations evolve toward more advanced technology and more complex industry as their citizens learn cultural values that celebrate hard work and success

capital flight

in the past, the US manufactured clothes. many clothing corporations have shut down their US factories and relocated to China. this is an example of

that previously low-income nations such as China have successfully developed their economies and can no longer be classified as dependent on core nations

one flaw in dependency theory is the unwillingness to recognize

core nations exploit peripheral nations

Dependency theorists explain global inequality and global stratification by focusing on the way that:

subjective poverty

Faith has a full-time job and two children. She has enough money for the basics and can pay her rent each month, but she feels that, with her education and experience, her income should be enough for her family to live much better than they do. Faith is experiencing:

life expectancy

average number of years that a nation's citizens can be expected to live

malnutrition

the lack of good food combined with infections and diseases that sap the body of essential nutrients

child mortality

the number of children who die before age 5 per 1,000 children

dependency theory

the poverty of poor nations stems from their colonization by European nations; which exploited the poor nations resources and either enslaved their populations or used them as cheap labor. the colonized nations were thus unable to develop a professional and business class that would have enabled them to enter the industrial age and to otherwise develop their economies

global stratification

the unequal distribution of wealth, power, prestige, resources, and influence among the world's nation

modernization theory

wealthy nations became wealthy because early on they were able to develop the necessary beliefs, values, and practices for trade, industrialization, and rapid economic growth to occur. poor nations remained poor because they failed to develop these beliefs, values, and practices; instead, they continued to follow traditional beliefs and practices that stymied industrial development and modernization


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