Chapter 10
absolute
Maya is a twelve-year-old girl living in Thailand. she is homeless, and often does not know where she will sleep or when she will eat.
vulnerability to property
a significant probability that people who are not officially poor will become poor within the next year
conflict theory
a sociologist who focuses on the way that multinational corporations headquartered in core nations exploit the local workers in their peripheral nation factories using ____ perspective to understand the global economy
want to interview women working in factories to understand how they manage the expectations of their supervisors, make ends meet, and support their households on a day-to-day basis
a sociologist working from a symbolic interaction perspective would
modernization theory
if a sociologist says that nations evolve toward more advanced technology and more complex industry as their citizens learn cultural values that celebrate hard work and success
capital flight
in the past, the US manufactured clothes. many clothing corporations have shut down their US factories and relocated to China. this is an example of
that previously low-income nations such as China have successfully developed their economies and can no longer be classified as dependent on core nations
one flaw in dependency theory is the unwillingness to recognize
core nations exploit peripheral nations
Dependency theorists explain global inequality and global stratification by focusing on the way that:
subjective poverty
Faith has a full-time job and two children. She has enough money for the basics and can pay her rent each month, but she feels that, with her education and experience, her income should be enough for her family to live much better than they do. Faith is experiencing:
life expectancy
average number of years that a nation's citizens can be expected to live
malnutrition
the lack of good food combined with infections and diseases that sap the body of essential nutrients
child mortality
the number of children who die before age 5 per 1,000 children
dependency theory
the poverty of poor nations stems from their colonization by European nations; which exploited the poor nations resources and either enslaved their populations or used them as cheap labor. the colonized nations were thus unable to develop a professional and business class that would have enabled them to enter the industrial age and to otherwise develop their economies
global stratification
the unequal distribution of wealth, power, prestige, resources, and influence among the world's nation
modernization theory
wealthy nations became wealthy because early on they were able to develop the necessary beliefs, values, and practices for trade, industrialization, and rapid economic growth to occur. poor nations remained poor because they failed to develop these beliefs, values, and practices; instead, they continued to follow traditional beliefs and practices that stymied industrial development and modernization