Chapter 10: Poverty
culture poverty
Oscar Lewis; impoverished people adapt to certain practices (shadow work, "violent face-saving, conspicuous consumption, etc.) that differ from the mainstream to survive in different economic circumstances SUBCULTURE
supplemental poverty measure
accounts all costs like food, clothing, utilities and shelter, noncash benefits, work expenses, medical child care, ESTIMATES THE POVERTY RATE HIGHER THAN OFFICIAL RATES
official poverty line
estimate food costs for minimum family food requirements and multiply by three MAKES POVERTY RATE LOW
underclass
little connection with formal labor market [shadow work] that consists of a small segment of the poor population but is often held as the image of poverty ex: poor drunk guy panhandling for money
structural poverty
poverty that occurs as a response to structural factors such as deindustrialization, globalization, and suburbanization which cause it. (Economy fails, Companies becomes mechanical and people lose jobs)
moving to opportunity
Rosenbaum; people in poverty moved to less impoverished communities three groups: voucher and moved, voucher and picked where to move, and a control group RESULTS: positive impact on the children, not so much the parents
poverty
condition of deprivation due to economic circumstances that is severe enough that the individual in this condition cannot live without dignity in his or her society
relative poverty
measurement of poverty based on percentage of the median income in a given location; relative to peers around you
working poor
people who are not paid enough to raise them above the poverty line CRITICIZES CULTURAL POVERTY
absolute poverty
the point at which a household's income falls below the necessary level to have the basic necessities of survival