Chapter 10: Poverty

culture poverty

Oscar Lewis; impoverished people adapt to certain practices (shadow work, "violent face-saving, conspicuous consumption, etc.) that differ from the mainstream to survive in different economic circumstances SUBCULTURE

supplemental poverty measure

accounts all costs like food, clothing, utilities and shelter, noncash benefits, work expenses, medical child care, ESTIMATES THE POVERTY RATE HIGHER THAN OFFICIAL RATES

official poverty line

estimate food costs for minimum family food requirements and multiply by three MAKES POVERTY RATE LOW

underclass

little connection with formal labor market [shadow work] that consists of a small segment of the poor population but is often held as the image of poverty ex: poor drunk guy panhandling for money

structural poverty

poverty that occurs as a response to structural factors such as deindustrialization, globalization, and suburbanization which cause it. (Economy fails, Companies becomes mechanical and people lose jobs)

moving to opportunity

Rosenbaum; people in poverty moved to less impoverished communities three groups: voucher and moved, voucher and picked where to move, and a control group RESULTS: positive impact on the children, not so much the parents

poverty

condition of deprivation due to economic circumstances that is severe enough that the individual in this condition cannot live without dignity in his or her society

relative poverty

measurement of poverty based on percentage of the median income in a given location; relative to peers around you

working poor

people who are not paid enough to raise them above the poverty line CRITICIZES CULTURAL POVERTY

absolute poverty

the point at which a household's income falls below the necessary level to have the basic necessities of survival