Chapter 10 quiz
Which statement is about the molecular clock is false?
Clock and Cycle proteins eventually break down and the 24 hour cycle begins again
What is the significance of the finding that the isolated brain exhibits signs of alternating between wakefulness, SWS, and REM sleep?
It showed that the systems for controlling sleep are located in the brain
How do dolphins sleep if they must regularly come to the water's surface to breathe?
Only one brain hemisphere sleeps at a time
A scientist wants to conduct a study in which an animal brain is transected but REM sleep could continue to be measured in the cerebral cortex. Which region must remain connected to the cortex?
Pons
If you recall a vivid dream as you wake up, you likely to have been in __ sleep just before awakening
REM
The large proportion of __ sleep seen in infancy suggests it is necessary for nervous system maturation
REM
In the U.S., evidence that daylight affects human circadian rhythms is supported by the observation that even though everyone's time keepers (clocks, phone) report the same time, people in the western part of the time zone go to bed _______ people in the in eastern part of the time zone.
a bit later than
When deprived of time cues, people tend to show activity cycles that are
a little more than 24 hours long
Destruction of the SCN __ circadian rhythms of hormone secretion
abolishes
People diagnosed with sleep apnea show all of the following symptoms except
an abundance of REM sleep
Electrical stimulation of the reticular formation leads to immediate
awakening
Electrical stimulation of the __ can induce SWS activity
basal forebrain
Many people with narcolepsy also exhibit __, in which muscle tone is suddenly lost without loss of __
cataplexy; consciousness
Stage 3 sleep (SWS) is especially prominent during the __ of a night's sleep
initial half
If SCN neurons are transplanted from animal A to animal B, and animal B previously had its SCN lesioned, animal B's rhythmicity will
match animal A's rhythm
The isolated forebrain preparation involves a cut through the
midbrain
Frightening dreams associated with stage 3 sleep are called
night terrors
In an experiment with hamsters, if a light with a timer is adjusted so that the light switches on and off 6 hours earlier than the animals are used to, they will show
phase shift
Unlike in mammals, in birds the _______ is sensitive to light and may mediate entrainment of rhythms even after surgical removal of the eyes.
pineal gland
REM behavior disorder (RBD) may be reduced by drugs that
reduce anxiety
Infant sleep is characterized by __ sleep cycles than those of adults, which proportionally more __ sleep.
shorter; REM
Dreams experienced during REM sleep are characterized by
vague visual imagery
The incidence of insomnia is greatest in __ in general, and in both men and women in __
women; the later stages of life
The external cue that animals use to discern the time of day is called a
zeitgeber
The stimulus (usually the light-dark cycle) that entrains circadian rhythms is called a(n)
zeitgeber