Chapter 11: Community Assessment

12. There is a statistically high level of obesity and elevated cholesterol levels in the southern section of the community. There is a central area in the neighborhood that makes fast foods easily accessible. The statistics assist you to A) gather support in the community to ban fast foods. B) gather further information regarding trans fats. C) target education and support programs. D) create local exercise and nutrition programs.

C

3. You are completing a community assessment. You note that the computer companies in the community hire a disproportionate amount of their employees from local suburban communities versus the community in which the company is housed. In order to create an accurate assessment you collect data on all of the company's employees, but list those living outside of the community as A) outliers. B) statistically irrelevant. C) an aggregate. D) statistically relevant.

C

6. You are conducting a community assessment. The community is large and the members range from affluent executives to poverty-stricken migrant workers. To accurately assess the community, you A) use a questionnaire written on a fifth-grade reading level. B) use multiple methods or perspectives. C) interview a subpopulation of each group represented. D) analyze census data.

B

9. The school nurse notifies you that there have been six confirmed cases of pertussis in the sixth-grade classes. In addition to responding to the cluster of cases you would A) close the school. B) research the vaccine compliance in the school. C) send notes home to the parents regarding a pertussis epidemic. D) consult with the infection control physician at that local hospital.

B

4. A significant number of the members of your community have developed cancer. The EPA has discovered a leak of biohazardous waste from a local factory that has leached into the water table. The area is decontaminated and cleaned. The community identifies the need for a local hospice for those with cancer who are dying. Area communities participate in the fund drive. This type of community effort may be considered (a) A) communities of resolution. B) community of concerned citizens. C) community of solution. D) health care-centered community.

C

Collaborative Model

assessment by interdisciplinary team and members of the community

Community Health Nurse Role

assessments maintain wellness and prevent illness in a population

Health Nurses effect Change

support groups phone help lines unemplyment rate examine people on drugs community representative

Epidemiological Approach tactics

1.describing the health of population 2.determine relationships that are predictable 3. developing and testing interventions to empower communities

13. There is a tornado alert in the community. What resource would be valuable to the disaster team to ascertain the areas in the community at greatest risk for damage due to the structure of land mass and infrastructure? A) Geographic information systems B) County maps C) Air surveillance D) Geographic analysis

A

16. The community you are involved in is concerned regarding public safety and the care of their elders living at home. When you assess the community you find that there is potential to solve their problems within the community setting without outside resources. The plans to meet the community needs are accepted by the members of the community. One method to create a successful environment for assessment is to A) make the assessment process empowering to the community. B) assess the community through interview and share findings in a timely manner. C) involve the community when there is difficulty with the assessment. D) create an environment of change within the community.

A

2. You are conducting a community assessment in a town once supported by multiple paper factories. The factories closed 2 years ago and the majority of the population is now out of work. The school nurse notes that 68% of the students are behind in their physicals and immunizations. On the basis of your community assessment, you will recommend A) the initiation of neighborhood clinics at low or no cost to the community. B) the creation of a taskforce to assess the impact of low income on immunization compliance. C) a formal petition to local government to mandate immunizations or monetary fines to parents. D) a tax relief programs for new companies wishing to settle in the community.

A

7. You are a community health nurse assessing the neighborhood in which your clients live. When observing the physical environment, you note that most of the homes in the neighborhood are well kept and the children playing in the yards are wearing clean clothing. The children appear well nourished. You place the neighborhood on the list as a low priority for a neighborhood well-child clinic. Your assessment is based on A) subjective data. B) objective data. C) cognitive analysis. D) valid data.

A

20. You are approach by the health department to investigate and assess the rise in developmental disabilities in an isolated section in the community. In order to begin your assessment you gather objective data from A) client interview—aggregate data. B) Internet—aggregate data. C) Internet—Wikipedia. D) direct observation of the area.

B

1. Community assessment is a critical process for the future because the process may A) identify the need for a community commission. B) identify a method to improve the health of at-risk clients. C) provide a means of grant funding for clinics. D) provide a client base for at-risk neighborhoods.

B

10. There are 12 students in grades 5 to 7 at the local school with confirmed cases of H1N1 flu. The caregivers of the ill children are advised to keep the children home for a minimum of 5 to 7 days. The next step is A) closing the school for 6 weeks. B) education in the school setting regarding respiratory and hand hygiene. C) running a mandatory flu clinic. D) discipline in the school setting for improper hand washing.

B

15. The community that you are assessing is changing. Five years ago, a series of setbacks caused the local foundry to close. Through interview, you discover that generations of families worked at the foundry. Research indicates that no other businesses have grown in the community to provide work for those who worked at the foundry. The research into the communities' history will assist you to A) determine the values evident in the community in the past. B) determine what variables may have detracted from community development. C) create a care plan for the community as a whole, including the need for clinics. D) create a community-based plan for business recruitment.

B

19. Posthurricane, your disaster team chooses to use a collaborative model to assess the needs of the community. Each of you is given a community analysis and the task to create a tentative plan of action. Why would the use of a collaborative model hamper the progress of the assessment and plan in a disaster? (select all that apply) A) Individual decision making creates bias. B) Assessment is time consuming. C) Approach to problem solving is linear. D) Approaches must be pre-established . E) Collaboration is limited.

B,C

11. You are the community health nurse in a new neighborhood. You introduce yourself to the local minister, and attend various neighborhood meetings. You learn about the ethics, values, and culture of the neighborhood. The community is vocal about the need for public safety and the care of the homeless, especially in the winter. It is important to consider all of the influences in the neighborhood affecting their health and well-being because A) the information can be used to obtain funds to create shelters for the homeless. B) a neighborhood watch may be created with police support. C) the information will help to effectively assess the community. D) it will assist the nurse create a controlled clinical environment.

C

8. As a community health nurse, you are responsible for the general health of the community on multiple levels. The local school nurse identifies that there are an increased number of sick days for children ages 7 to 12 at the local school. On the basis of your research, you note that there is a disparity in the education of the families of the asthmatic children as well as other factors that influence noncompliance with current treatment plans. The next step in your plan of care is to A) conduct a broad-based survey of all families with asthmatic children within several communities. B) determine trends that interfere with family problem-solving techniques. C) develop school-based education programs for both the children and their caregivers. D) submit a proposal to the town for neighborhood asthma clinics.

C

Functional Health Status Approach

Determine functional health status

Way to know Community Health

COmmunity Report Card Page

14. As a public health nurse, you may participate in individual, family, or community assessments. An organized approach to assessment in the form of an evaluation that is commonly used is A) the scientific method. B) nursing diagnosis. C) evaluation and analysis. D) functional health pattern.

D

17. When the community collaborates in a plan to create services and education to enhance their health and well being, the plan A) creates an environment that fosters change. B) has an increased rate of success. C) empowers the community, but diminishes the rate of success. D) shifts the focus from dependency to empowerment.

D

18. You are a community health nurse working in a community recently devastated by a tornado. Many of the survivors are cared for in the home. Care is needed for those who are ill, recovering, or in hospice. In order to provide holistic care to the community, you would A) refer the clients to an outreach center. B) consult with the hospice nurse and the social worker. C) provide care according to the physician's orders. D) collaborate between experts and the clients.

D

5. You are part of a nursing consortium conducting community assessments in New England. At a quarterly meeting you note that the preliminary results of your data collection indicates A) each community has distinct needs based on industrialization. B) the communities are diverse and the data unrelated to one another. C) communities have informal and cohesive methodologies for coping with illness. D) the communities have similar goals related to health and safety.

D

Communities as Interdependent Systems

Physical environment education safety and Transpo Plitics and govn. Health and social services Communication Economics Recreation

Type of Community

depends on the type of community that is to be assessed

Community Assesment

examination of biological, psychological and sociocultural influences on the environmnet

Types of Boundaries in a community

geopolitical phenomenological societal, national, or international

Community Asset-based Approach

identifies community resources and strengths with community needs

Windshield Survey

observation of community while driving a car/riding public transit to collect data

Leading Health Indicators (issues)

physical activity overweight/obesity tobacco use substance abuse sexual behavior mental health injury/violence environmental quality immunization access to healthcare