"Chapter 11 - Healthy Eating for Healthy Babies"

A client is having difficulty with nausea and vomiting. She has been eating small, frequent meals as suggested; however, it is not totally effective. What other suggestions should the nurse make? A) Eat frequent, small snacks of dry carbohydrates. B) Drink green tea with each meal. C) Keep hard candy available. D) Increase fiber intake.

A

A common complaint during pregnancy is heartburn. As the clinic nurse, what should be recommended to decrease the discomfort of heartburn? A) Eat small, frequent meals. B) Drink warm liquids with the meals. C) Eat easily digested carbohydrates. D) Drink liquids immediately before meals.

A

Because iron is one nutrient that needs supplementation during pregnancy, what is the recommended dosage for iron during pregnancy? A) 27 mg/day B) 35 mg/day C) 45 mg/day D) 60 mg/day

A

During pregnancy, most nutritional needs can be consumed in adequate amounts through the diet. What nutrient is the exception to this statement? A) Iron B) Calcium C) Sodium D) Vitamin D

A

It is recognized that some substances are dangerous to the fetus and can cause birth defects. The use of what during pregnancy is potentially most harmful to the fetus? A) Alcohol B) Caffeine C) Aspartame D) Acesulfame-K

A

It is recommended that herbal supplements not be taken during pregnancy or while breastfeeding. Why is that recommendation made? A) They have the potential of crossing the placental barrier. B) They can create nutritional deficiencies in the mother and fetus. C) They are known to cause teratogenic effects in the fetus. D) They have been proven to cause early labor.

A

Mercury occurs naturally in the environment, including waterways. Bacteria in the water convert mercury to methylmercury, which is absorbed by fish low on the food chain and becomes concentrated in larger, longer living predatory fish at the top of the food chain. What can mercury exposure during pregnancy cause? A) Brain and neurologic abnormalities in the fetus B) Stunted fetal growth C) Fetal malformations D) Abortion

A

Nutritional requirements generally go up during pregnancy. Which nutritional requirement proportionally increases the most during pregnancy? A) Calories B) Protein C) Iron D) Vitamin A

A

The client has come to the clinic for her first prenatal visit. The nurse is assessing her risk for a high-risk pregnancy. Which of the following is a likely result of a high-risk pregnancy? A) Low birth weight infant B) Diabetes insipidus C) Constipation D) High birth weight infant

A

The nurse is doing nutrition counseling with a 21-year-old pregnant woman in the clinic area. What should the nurse explain to the client about caloric intake during the second and third trimesters of her pregnancy? A) She will need approximately 450 cal/day increase during the third trimester. B) She will need approximately 450 cal/day increase during the second trimester. C) She will need approximately 500 cal/day increase during the third trimester. D) She will need approximately 500 cal/day increase during the second trimester.

A

To prevent birth defects, it is very important to correctly assess the woman's nutritional status. Studies have shown a correlation with impaired cognitive development and a deficiency of which nutrient? A) Iodine B) Omega-3 C) Iron D) Calcium

A

The client is requesting suggestions to help increase her folate intake. Which of the following are good sources for folate/folic acid? Select all that apply. A) Spinach B) Breakfast cereals C) Lentils D) Salmon E) Lean beef

A, B, C

Which pregnant client is at risk for poor nutritional status? Select all that apply. A) Teens and women older than 35 years of age B) Prepartum BMI of less than 18.5 or greater than 25 C) Multiparity D) Increased hemoglobin and hematocrit levels E) Exercise of 30 minutes per day

A, B, C

The nurse is meeting with several pregnant clients to discuss breastfeeding. There are several benefits to breastfeeding for both the mother and the infant. Which of the following statements are true about these benefits that the nurse should point out to the women? Select all that apply. A) Breastfeeding may decrease the risk of food allergies in the infant. B) Breastfeeding may be protective against breast cancer in the mother. C) Breastfeeding provides reliable contraception. D) Breastfeeding can mobilize fat stores to help women lose weight, particularly in the lower body. E) Breastfeeding decreases bone density.

A, B, D

The nurse is discussing weight gain with a group of pregnant women at the clinic. One woman is very thin, and her prepregnancy weight falls below the normal weight range for her height. What is her recommended weight gain during her pregnancy? A) 40 to 50 pounds B) 30 to 50 pounds C) 28 to 40 pounds D) 20 to 30 pounds

C

The nurse is discussing with a nutrition class the health risks to infants of women who gain excessive weight during pregnancy. What risks should the nurse discuss with the class? A) High Apgar score B) Small for gestational age C) Seizures D) Hyperglycemia

C

The nurse is evaluating the client's nutritional status at her prenatal visit. The client is asking if she should take a supplement. What is the basis for recommending a supplement during pregnancy? A) A decrease in eyesight B) The stress of pregnancy C) Individual circumstances D) Increased nutrient needs during pregnancy

C

During lactation, many of the nutrient values go either up or down. Compared with those of pregnancy, what are the Recommended Dietary Allowances during lactation? A) Lower for vitamin D B) Lower for protein C) Higher for calcium D) Lower for iron

D

One of the students in the nutrition class is 8 months pregnant and asks the nurse to give her a recommendation to decrease her pregnancy-related constipation. What would be the best response? A) Drink prune juice with every meal. B) Eat vitamin-enriched white bread three times a day. C) Eat iron-fortified cereal. D) Try drinking hot water with lemon juice upon waking.

D

One vitamin has been identified as helping to prevent neural tube defects when consumed in adequate amounts before conception through the early weeks of pregnancy. Which vitamin is it? A) Vitamin B6 B) Riboflavin C) Niacin D) Folic acid

D

The client is concerned that her milk may not be providing adequate nutrition for her infant. The nurse recognizes that an inadequate maternal diet generally decreases what in the breast milk of a lactating mother? A) Protein B) Fat C) Calcium D) Vitamins

D

The nurse has been counseling a group of pregnant women concerning appropriate food choices. Which of the following lunch menus indicates the women understand a recommended diet for a pregnant woman? A) 2-oz prime rib; a medium-baked potato with 2 tbsp of sour cream, 2 tbsp of butter, and 2 oz of grated cheese; 1 cup of creamed corn; 6 oz of green tea; æ cup of ice cream B) 6 pieces of sushi, 2 cups of saki, 4 oz of steamed vegetables C) 6 oz of swordfish, º cup tartar sauce, 2 slices of French bread with 1Ω teaspoons of butter on each, æ cup of sweet peas, 1 4-in slice of apple pie with 1 scoop of vanilla ice cream D) 3 oz of tuna-stuffed tomato, 1 small apple, 8 oz of sugar-free orange drink

D

For a woman who is obese at conception, the recommended total weight gain should be a minimum of what? A) 13 pounds B) 11 pounds C) 15 pounds D) 17 pounds

B

The nurse is preparing the client to make the necessary dietary changes from what she has been doing during her pregnancy to what she should do during lactation. What should breastfeeding mothers be advised? A) Thirst is not a reliable indicator of need. B) Even if a mother has adequate fat stores, calorie intake should be increased. C) The intake does not need to be restricted because the caffeine does not enter breast milk. D) If she does not consume enough calcium, her milk will be calcium deficient.

B

What are the nutritional recommendations for calcium during a normal pregnancy? A) 800 mg/day B) 1000 mg/day C) 1200 mg/day D) 1400 mg/day

B

Most pregnant women are at low risk for nutritional deficiencies because they can meet their daily requirements through diet alone. Folic acid is an exception to this statement and requires what? A) The ingestion of enhanced foods B) The ingestion of fortified foods C) The ingestion of biotech foods D) The ingestion of reinforced foods

B

Nausea and vomiting are common complaints during pregnancy. What nutritional action can be used to lessen nausea and vomiting? A) Drinking liquids with meals B) Limiting fat intake C) Increasing fluid intake D) Limiting carbohydrate intake

B

Pica is a craving for nonfood items such as laundry starch, clay, or ice. What problem is associated with pica? A) Excessive weight gain B) Iron deficiency C) Lead contamination D) Diarrhea

B

The client is 24 weeks pregnant. How much have her daily calorie needs increased over her first trimester needs? A) 200 calories B) 300 calories C) 400 calories D) 500 calories

B

A 32-year-old client at the clinic asks the nurse why breastfeeding is so highly recommended. What benefit would be named that would affect this client later in life? A) Breastfeeding is associated with a decreased bone density later in life. B) Breastfeeding is associated with an increased risk for hip fracture later in life. C) Breastfeeding is associated with reducing the risk of postpartum depression. D) Breastfeeding is associated with decreased iron stores later in life.

C

Gestational diabetes occurs around the 24th week of gestation. When should every woman be screened for gestational diabetes? A) Between 16 and 20 weeks' gestation B) Between 20 and 24 weeks' gestation C) Between 24 and 28 weeks' gestation D) Between 28 and 32 weeks' gestation

C

The client is a 32-year-old female whose prepregnancy weight is considered "normal." She is carrying a single fetus. What is the recommended amount of total weight gain? A) 15 to 20 pounds B) 20 to 25 pounds C) 25 to 35 pounds D) 35 to 40 pounds

C

The client is interested in breastfeeding her infant but has to return to work once her maternity leave is over. How long does the American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP) recommend exclusive breastfeeding for an infant? A) The first 3 months of age B) The first 4 months of age C) The first 6 months of age D) The first 12 months of age

C

The client is now 20 weeks' gestation. At conception her weight was considered "normal." Approximately how much weight should she have gained by this time? A) 6 pounds B) 9 pounds C) 12 pounds D) 15 pounds

C

The nurse is conducting client teaching for a new breastfeeding mother before she leaves the hospital. The client asks about how much fluid she should drink each day. Which of the following is the best answer? A) Drink at least 10 glasses of fluid every 24 hours. B) Drink a glass of fluid at every meal. C) Drink a glass of fluid every time the baby nurses and at every meal. D) Drink a glass of fluid every two hours around the clock.

C