Chapter 11 Research Quiz

An instrumentation effect occurs when: a) the instrument employed for the pretest has an effect that shows up on the posttest b) the measurement instrument is changed from the pretest to the posttest c) there is a change on the dependent variable from the pretest score to the posttest score d) there is statistical regression to the mean

B

A friend of yours, a senior, took the Graduate Record Exam in September and scored in the 99th percentile. In February your friend took the same exam over again. This time your friend scored in the 84th percentile. As a research methodology student, you told your friend that his/her lowered score was probably due to: a) testing b) history c) statistical regression d) demoralization

C

If we can establish that variable X comes before variable Q in time, then we can say: a) variable X is a cause of variable Q b) variable X is not a cause of variable Q c) variable Q is a cause of variable X d) variable Q is not a cause of variable X

D

Which of the following is LEAST suited to providing clear evidence about a causal relationship between the independent and dependent variables? a) classical experimental design b) solomon four-group design c) posttest-only control group design d) one-shot case study

D

Which of the following statement best describes the criteria for inferring or causality a) a relationship must exist between variables b) one variable must precede the other in time c) a third variable did not cause the changes observed in the first two variables d) a relationship must exist between two variables, with the cause preceding the effect in time, and the relationship cannot be explained away by the influence of a third variable

D