Chapter 11: Urinary System

This hormone is secreted by the atria of the heart and inhibits the secretion of renin by acting opposite to ADH: antidiuretic hormone (ADH) atrial natriuretic hormone (ANH) renin oxytocin

atrial natriuretic hormone (ANH)

A pH reading that is greater than the value of 7 is said it be: acidic basic neutral

basic

This organ of the urinary system stores urine until it is ready to be expelled from the body: kidneys bladder ureter urethra

bladder

This buffer system in the body can take up excess hydrogen or excess hydroxide ions in the blood: ammonia system carbonic acid system protein buffer system none of the above

carbonic acid system

In this part of the nephron urine is carried to the renal pelvis: loop of the nephron distal convoluted tubule collecting duct proximal convoluted tubule

collecting duct

Infection of the urinary bladder is called: urethritis cyctisis pylonephritis polyurea

cyctisis

In this disease glucose appears in the urine since blood glucose levels rise above normal: urethritis diabetes mellitus cystitis pylonephritis

diabetes mellitus

In this part of the nephron the main function is ion exchange because the cells have numerous mitochondria but lack microvilli: loop of the nephron distal convoluted tubule collecting duct proximal convoluted tubule

distal convoluted tubule

___________ separates the filterable and non-filterable components of the blood. glomerular filtration tubular secretion micturition tubular reabsorption

glomerular filtration

Atrial natriuretic hormone is released from the ____________ and causes the increased excretion of ___________ by the kidneys: kidneys / sodium posterior pituitary / water liver / potassium heart / water

heart / water

All of the following organs are part of the urinary system, except: liver kidneys ureters urethra

liver

In this part of the nephron salt is actively transported out into the surrounding tissue: proximal convoluted tubule loop of the nephron distal convoluted tubule collecting duct

loop of the nephron

All of the following processes participate in urine formation, except: tubular filtration tubular secretion micturition tubular reabsorption

micturition

Most sodium (salt) is reabsorbed in this part of the nephron: proximal convoluted tubule loop of the nephron distal convoluted tubule nephron loop (loop of Helney)

nephron loop (loop of Helney)

The functional unit of the kidneys which produces urine is the: renal pelvis renal pyramid nephrons renal medulla

nephrons

A pH reading equal to the value if 7 is said to be: acidic basic neutral

neutral

As the kidneys reabsorb more sodium (salt) after a period of dehydration, both the __________ and the __________ of blood returns to normal: pH / osmolarity pH / temperature osmolarity / pressure pH / pressure

osmolarity / pressure

Water is reabsorbed from the filtrate back to the blood using this process: active trasport co-transport osmosis simple diffusion

osmosis

All of the following materials may be filtered out of blood in the glomerulus, except: glucose water plasma proteins urea

plasma proteins

In this part of the nephron cells with microvilli increase the surface area for more efficient tubular reabsorption: loop of the nephron distal convoluted tubule collecting duct proximal convoluted tubule

proximal convoluted tubule

Infection of the kidney is called: urethritis cyctisis pylonephritis polyurea

pylonephritis

The functional unit of the kidneys which is an outer, granulated layer that dips down between a radially striated inner layer: renal pelvis renal pyramid renal cortex renal medulla

renal cortex

The functional unit of the kidneys which consists of cone-shaped tissue masses called renal pyramids: renal pelvis renal pyramid renal cortex renal medulla

renal medulla

The functional unit of the kidneys which consists of a central space, or cavity, continuous with the ureter: renal pelvis renal pyramid renal cortex renal medulla

renal pelvis

This hormone is released from the kidneys when blood volume and pressure falls too low for normal glomerular filtration to take place: renin aldosterone angiotensin none of the above

renin

___________ reabsorbs ions and other molecules from the nephron into the blood: tubular filtration tubular secretion micturition tubular reabsorption

tubular reabsorption

___________ actively transports certain molecules from the peritubular capillary network into the convoluted tubules: glomerular filtration tubular secretion micturition tubular reabsorption

tubular secretion

All of the following materials need to be reabsorbed from the kidney tubules back into the blood, except: urea glucose sodium water

urea

This organ conducts urine from the kidneys to the bladder: kidneys bladder ureter urethra

ureter

This organ is a small tube that extends from the urinary bladder to an external opening and functions in removing urine from the body: kidneys bladder ureter urethra

urethra

Infection of the urethra is called: urethritis cyctisis pylonephritis polyurea

urethritis

Blood pressure for filtration is high within the glomerulus of the nephron because: the heart pumps most blood to the kidneys with each beat the afferent arteriole of the glomerulus is narrower than the efferent arteriole the efferent arteriole of the glomerulus is narrower than the afferent arteriole blood is under gravitational force within the glomerulus

the efferent arteriole of the glomerulus is narrower than the afferent arteriole

The kidneys filter approximately ____ liters of water per day: 1 100 90 180

180

The normal pH for body fluids is: 7.0 - 7.35 7.35 -7.45 7.0 - 14.0 6.45 - 7.45

7.35 -7.45

______ % of water filtered at the glumerulus is reabsorbed in the nephron tubules: 100 50 99 1

99

A pH reading that is below the value of 7 is said to be: acidic basic neutral

acidic

This hormone causes the reabsorption of sodium and excretion of potassium ions in the kidneys: erythropoietin renin aldosterone antidiuretic hormone

aldosterone

If the blood pH rises above 7.45 a person is said to have ___________ diabetis acidosis alkalosis polyurea

alkalosis

All of these items may be secreted from the blood into the nephron tubules, except: hydrogen ions amino acids penicillin creatinine

amino acids

This hormone is released from the posterior pituitary gland when our water intake is low to help reabsorb more water in the distal convoluted tubule: antidiuretic hormone (ADH) aldosterone renin oxytocin

antidiuretic hormone (ADH)