Chapter 12: Dietary Supplements (Questions-2)

According to the Dietary Supplement Health and Education Act, what is considered a "new" dietary ingredient: A. a dietary ingredient not sold in the United States in a dietary supplement before 1994 B. a dietary ingredient that has not been evaluated by the FDA for safety and efficacy C. any type of ingredient or supplement other than a vitamin or a mineral D. vitamins or minerals added to processed food for fortification purposes

a dietary ingredient not sold in the United States in a dietary supplement before 1994

Dietary supplements that have GRAS status: A. require the FDA's approval before they can be marketed and sold B. are generally recognized as safe by the FDA C. have undergone rigorous testing by the FDA for safety D. have been banned for use in the United States

are generally recognized as safe by the FDA

Synthetic vitamins are: A. tested for safety and efficacy by the FDA B. significantly less effective than natural vitamins C. generally chemically identical to vitamins labeled "natural" D. always classified as a new dietary ingredient by the FDA

generally chemically identical to vitamins labeled "natural"

Which of the following is an example of an acceptable structure/function claim that might appear on a dietary supplement label: A. helps maintain cardiovascular health B. prevents heart disease C. lowers cholesterol to prevent heart disease D. alleviates chest pain in individuals with heart disease

helps maintain cardiovascular health

Probiotics can be defined as: A. foods with added nutrients to replace vitamins lost in processing B. the addition of the B-vitamin biotin to reduce the risk for certain cancers C. nondigestible carbohydrates broken down by colon bacteria D. live, beneficial bacteria found in fermented foods like yogurt

live, beneficial bacteria found in fermented foods like yogurt

The vitamins and minerals found in high-potency supplements: A. are proven to improve health and promote longevity B. cannot by law exceed the percent Daily Value C. may exceed the Tolerance Upper Intake Level D. will not result in toxicity because any excess is excreted through the urine

may exceed the Tolerance Upper Intake Level

Dietary supplements in the United States are monitored by the FDA for: A. purity B. potency C. effectiveness D. reports of illness, reactions, or harmful effects

reports of illness, reactions, or harmful effects

In the United States, nutrition surveys indicate that the people who are most likely to use dietary supplements: A. usually are in poor health with diets deficient in multiple nutrients B. tend to already have healthful diets adequate in most nutrients C. do so based primarily on the advice of their health care provider D. experience immediate and significant health benefits

tend to already have healthful diets adequate in most nutrients

Herbal supplements include all of the following characteristics, EXCEPT: A. the same approval process as drugs B. a label that clearly states the scientific or standardized name of the plant used to make the supplement C. possible toxins in addition to active components D. being medicinally considered crude drugs

the same approval process as drugs

All of the following are true in regard to functional foods, EXCEPT: A. they represent the largest percentage of new products introduced to the food marketplace in the United States B. they are generally high in nutrients in relation to calories C. they are only whole foods; processed or packaged foods would not meet the criteria D. if packaged, they often include a health claim or nutrient content claim on their label

they are only whole foods; processed or packaged foods would not meet the criteria

Which of the following would NOT meet the criteria for being called a "dietary supplement" in the United States: A. omega-3 fish oil capsule B. multivitamin and mineral tablet C. chewable children's multivitamin "gummy" D. vitamin B12 injection or shot

vitamin B12 injection or shot